SAS 里 不同数据类型转换

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学sas 有段时间了。
但是，sas 的日期、数字、字符，三者之间的转换一直有点晕晕的。
看到例子程序明白，自己一写，就问题一堆。

哪位大侠，给指点下。

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关键词：数据类型转换 类型转换 数据类型 子程序 SAS 类型转换

SAS的日期时间都是数字型的，以便于计算。有各种格式可以从数值转变为字符型。1960-01-01是日期的开始，SAS的日期是0. 之后每天加一。1960-01-02的值为1. 1959-12-31的值为-1. 以此类推。时间是一秒为单位计算。从0（00：00：00）到86400（24：00：00）。每加一秒数值加一。
常用的日期时间转换的function如下：
data _null_;
a=mdy(12,31,1959);
b='02jan1960'd;
c='24:00:00't;
d='00:00:00't;
e='31dec90:5:00:00'dt;
format e datetime18.;
put a= b= c= d= e=;
run;
a=-1 b=1 c=86400 d=0 e=31DEC90:05:00:00

1# jiangh_fox


I give you some example in my real project :

The Character version of Date I`m usually encountered with looks like this "mm/dd/yyyy". What I want is to transfer this into Date9. format which could be esaily computed in SAS.

Define the Format first:

1. proc format ;
   
2. value $mon
   
3. "01" = "JAN"
   
4. "02" = "FEB"
   
5. "03" = "MAR"
   
6. "04" = "APR"
   
7. "05" = "MAY"
   
8. "06" = "JUN"
   
9. "07" = "JUL"
   
10. "08" = "AUG"
    
11. "09" = "SEP"
    
12. "10" = "OCT"
    
13. "11" = "NOV"
    
14. "12" = "DEC";
    
15. run;

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Set up the utility macro like this :

1. ** This macro used for original character dates like xx/xx/xxxx ***;
   
2. ** Define Length dd $2. mm $3. yy $4. at first ***;
   
3. %global dt;
   
4. %macro dt (indt = , outdt = );
   
5. format &outdt date9.;
   
6. if &indt ne '' then do;
   
7. mm = put(substr(compress(&indt), 1,2), $mon.);
   
8. dd = substr(compress(&indt), 4,2);
   
9. yy = substr(compress(&indt), 7,4);
   
10. &outdt = input(dd||mm||yy, date9.);
    
11. end;
    
12. else do;
    
13. &outdt = .;
    
14. end;
    
15. %mend dt;

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After that, you could easily call macro %dt within the rest of your program.

1. ** Calculate Age from DEMO **;
   
2. data demo_ (keep = subjid INVID ageyr SEX_LONG_NM SUBRACE_24_LONG_NM rename = (SUBRACE_24_LONG_NM = race)) ;
   
3. length dd $2. mm $3. yy $4. biryear $10.;
   
4. merge demo (in=a) ic (in=b);
   
5. by subjid;
   
6. if a ;
   
7. biryear = "01/07/"||substr(BIRTHDT_STR, 9, 4);
   
8. %dt(indt = ICDTTM_DT, outdt = icdt);
   
9. %dt(indt = biryear, outdt = birthdt);
   
10. ageyr = floor((intck('month',BIRTHDT,ICDT) - (day(ICDT) < day(BIRTHDT)))/12);
    
11. run;

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The date transfer issue come acrossed a lot in the clinical trial projects. I hope the above contents are making sense to you.

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