美国学术论文引用文献格式

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我本科刚开始写英文学术文章时很头疼，不过现在熬过来了。下面的文章里除了链接外，都是我的原创, 希望获好评啊。

下面我想中英文并用地给大家解释一下美国学术论文写作中常用的三种引用文献格式: APA, MLA, and Chicago。

I hope this thread could help you learn how to correctly cite different academic sources in your research paper.


Acknowledgement was given to Purdue University.

APA:  http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/


MLA:  http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/01/


Chicago:  http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/717/01/


In American colleges, many instructors and professors require their students to use APA, MLA, or Chicago styles to cite sources when these students write papers. You can read the detailed instructions of APA, MLA, and Chicago styles on the sites listed above. I used MLA style to cite papers during my freshman and sophomore year in college, but my professor recommended me to use APA style to cite economics papers when I was a junior. Both citation styles were very good for citing academic resources. However, I felt APA style was simpler than MLA style. In addition, I have not used Chicago style before, so I cannot give you any recommendations.


楼主的MLA和APA例子，希望对大家写论文有所帮助。这里所有资料仅供学术交流使用，请不要用于其他用途。

MLA：这个文件是我在上美国文学课时写过的一篇作文的一部分。
MLA Style.pdf (150.66 KB, 需要: 1 个论坛币)

2012-5-31 10:40:03 上传

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APA：这个文件是我上统计课时写过的一篇作文的一部分。在美国有的统计课，老师也要求写一些有关统计应用的文章，但通常2-7页。
APA Style.pdf (116.99 KB, 需要: 1 个论坛币)

2012-5-31 10:39:58 上传

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Ok, Let's continue. I was eatting some food. Now I want to add my Chinese translation to the following paragraph.

I want to give you some advice when you look for and use resources to write an English academic research paper.

1, Use Google Scholar or other reliable academic paper search engines to search for academic resources. Your university's library is a good example.

2, Avoid using sources provided by commercial websites, such as www.****.com. The reason is that many contents published on commerical sites are biased and not reliable. However, online newspapers or educational readings websites like http://www.economist.com/ are good sources, because many scholars work for them.

3, Use sources provided by academic institutions or non-profit organizations or government, because the majority of contents published by them is reliable, less biased, and educational. Many of their workers are from academia.

For Example, Cato Institute is a good example for non-profit organizations. It has numerous research papers discussing current economic events. http://www.cato.org/

Friendly reminder: When writing an academic paper, you must avoid using the first person (I, we) and the second person (you). The majority of experienced writers always use the third person to write academic papers.

我还想给大家几点关于搜索和使用资源来写学术文章的建议。

1，用谷歌学者Google Scholar 或其他可靠的学术文章搜索引擎去搜索学术资源。你大学的图书馆就是个很好的例子。

2, 要避免使用商业网站提供的资源，像www.****.com. 一个原因是商业网站上发布的很多信息都是具有争议性且不可靠的。但是，网上报刊或教育性读物网站像华尔街报，经济学人等都是好的学术资源，因为有很多学者为他们工作。

3，多使用些由学术机构，非营利机构，或ZF提供的数据，因为它们提供的大多数的内容都是可靠，很少有争议性的，且有教育意义的。

友情提示：当写学术文章时，要尽量避免使用第一人称像我，我们和第二人称像你，你们。大多数有经验的作家都用第三人称来写学术文章。

  
Other citation instructions were written by the University of Chicago and Duke University

http://academic.reed.edu/economics/parker/citation%20guide.pdf

http://lupus.econ.duke.edu/ecoteach/undergrad/manual.pdf









补充内容 (2013-8-3 12:20):
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关键词：学术论文 Organization Institutions educational instruction University different research thread 美国

谢谢

oliver606 发表于 2012-5-31 10:55
谢谢

不客气，刚才在吃饭，现在更新完了。

谢谢楼主无私的分享，我相信对大多数人都是有启发和帮助的。

楼主有心人。Thanks。

支持

感谢分享，很有帮助！

谢谢！受益良多。可惜我的等级低，只能给你评1分。

请教楼主：
   您讲最好要用第三人称来写英文学术论文，但我看的论文里，有不少文章使用了第一人称。下面是几个例子：
Abstract:
In this article we argue that the emergence of a new form of organization………….
introduction:
We believe that these difficulties stem partly from corporations’ continued reliance on philanthropy as the dominant mode for delivering CSR initiatives which fall outside the boundaries or core operations of the firm,
能否解释一下，这又是一种什么情况？
谢谢！

ehelloe 发表于 2012-6-7 07:28
请教楼主：
   您讲最好要用第三人称来写英文学术论文，但我看的论文里，有不少文章使用了第一人称。下面是 ...

Can you provide the article's link and the author's name and academic background? I said that you had better use the third person to write formal academic papers, but sometimes you can use the first person if you describe something you have done by yourself or with others.

Here are some examples of formal academic papers

Scroll down and find articles in attachments of the thread:

https://bbs.pinggu.org/thread-1477234-1-1.html