【2015新书】Learn C the Hard Way: Practical Exercises on the Computational

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图书名称：Learn C the Hard Way: Practical Exercises on the Computational Subjects You Keep Avoiding
作者：Zed A. Shaw
出版社：Addison-Wesley Professional
页数：384
出版时间：September 2015                           
语言：English
格式：mobi
内容简介：
You Will Learn C!
Zed Shaw has crafted the perfect course for the beginning C programmer eager to advance their skills in any language. Follow it and you will learn the many skills early and junior programmers need to succeed–just like the hundreds of thousands of programmers Zed has taught to date! You bring discipline, commitment, persistence, and experience with any programming language; the author supplies everything else.
  
In  Learn C the Hard Way , you’ll learn C by working through 52 brilliantly crafted exercises. Watch Zed Shaw’s teaching video and read the exercise. Type his code precisely. (No copying and pasting!) Fix your mistakes. Watch the programs run. As you do, you’ll learn what good, modern C programs look like; how to think more effectively about code; and how to find and fix mistakes far more efficiently. Most importantly, you’ll master rigorous defensive programming techniques, so you can use any language to create software that protects itself from malicious activity and defects.
  
Through practical projects you’ll apply what you learn to build confidence in your new skills. Shaw teaches the key skills you need to start writing excellent C software, including
  
  Setting up a C environment Basic syntax and idioms Compilation, make files, and linkers Operators, variables, and data types Program control Arrays and strings Functions, pointers, and structs Memory allocation I/O and files Libraries Data structures, including linked lists, sort, and search Stacks and queues Debugging, defensive coding, and automated testing Fixing stack overflows, illegal memory access, and more Breaking and hacking your own C code   
  It’ll  Be Hard at First. But Soon, You’ll Just Get It–And That Will Feel Great!
This tutorial will reward you for every minute you put into it. Soon, you’ll know one of the world’s most powerful programming languages. You’ll be a C programmer.
  
Watch Zed, too! The accompanying DVD contains 5+ hours of passionate, powerful teaching: a complete C video course! If you purchase the digital edition, be sure to read "Where Are the Companion Content Files" at the end of the eBook to learn how to access the videos.

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关键词：Computation Practical Exercises exercise practic practical scenario running recipes beginning

1. Exercise 3. Formatted Printing
   
2. 
   
3. Keep that Makefile around since it’ll help you spot errors, and we’ll be adding to it when we need to automate more things.
   
4. 
   
5. Many programming languages use the C way of formatting output, so let’s try it:
   
6. 
   
7. ex3.c
   
8. 
   
9. Click here to view code image
   
10. 
    
11. 1   #include <stdio.h>
    
12. 2
    
13. 3   int main()
    
14. 4   {
    
15. 5       int age = 10;
    
16. 6       int height = 72;
    
17. 7
    
18. 8       printf("I am %d years old.\n", age);
    
19. 9       printf("I am %d inches tall.\n", height);
    
20. 10
    
21. 11       return 0;
    
22. 12   }

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1. Variables and Types
   
2. 
   
3. You should be getting a grasp of how a simple C program is structured, so let’s do the next simplest thing and make some variables of different types:
   
4. 
   
5. ex7.c
   
6. 
   
7. Click here to view code image
   
8. 
   
9. 1   #include <stdio.h>
   
10. 2
    
11. 3   int main(intargc, char*argv[])
    
12. 4   {
    
13. 5       int distance = 100;
    
14. 6       float power = 2.345f;
    
15. 7       double super_power = 56789.4532;
    
16. 8       char initial = 'A';
    
17. 9       char first_name[] = "Zed";
    
18. 10       char last_name[] = "Shaw";
    
19. 11
    
20. 12       printf("You are %d miles away.\n", distance);
    
21. 13       printf("You have %f levels of power.\n", power);
    
22. 14       printf("You have %f awesome super powers.\n", super_power);
    
23. 15       printf("I have an initial %c.\n", initial);
    
24. 16       printf("I have a first name %s.\n", first_name);
    
25. 17       printf("I have a last name %s.\n", last_name);
    
26. 18       printf("My whole name is %s %c. %s.\n",
    
27. 19               first_name, initial, last_name);
    
28. 20
    
29. 21       int bugs = 100;
    
30. 22       double bug_rate = 1.2;
    
31. 23
    
32. 24       printf("You have %d bugs at the imaginary rate of %f.\n",
    
33. 25               bugs, bug_rate);
    
34. 26
    
35. 27       long universe_of_defects = 1L * 1024L * 1024L * 1024L;
    
36. 28       printf("The entire universe has %ld bugs.\n", universe_of_defects);
    
37. 29
    
38. 30       double expected_bugs = bugs * bug_rate;
    
39. 31       printf("You are expected to have %f bugs.\n", expected_bugs);
    
40. 32
    
41. 33       double part_of_universe = expected_bugs / universe_of_defects;
    
42. 34       printf("That is only a %e portion of the universe.\n",
    
43. 35               part_of_universe);
    
44. 36
    
45. 37       // this makes no sense, just a demo of something weird
    
46. 38       char nul_byte = '\0';
    
47. 39       int care_percentage = bugs * nul_byte;
    
48. 40       printf("Which means you should care %d%%.\n", care_percentage);
    
49. 41
    
50. 42       return 0;
    
51. 43   }

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1. Exercise 8. If, Else-If, Else
   
2. 
   
3. In C, there really isn’t a Boolean type. Instead, any integer that’s 0 is false or otherwise it’s true. In the last exercise, the expression argc > 1 actually resulted in 1 or 0, not an explicit True or False like in Python. This is another example of C being closer to how a computer works, because to a computer, truth values are just integers.
   
4. 
   
5. However, C does have a typical if-statement that uses this numeric idea of true and false to do branching. It’s fairly similar to what you would do in Python and Ruby, as you can see in this exercise:
   
6. 
   
7. ex8.c
   
8. 
   
9. Click here to view code image
   
10. 
    
11. 1   #include <stdio.h>
    
12. 2
    
13. 3   int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    
14. 4   {
    
15. 5       int i = 0;
    
16. 6
    
17. 7       if (argc == 1) {
    
18. 8           printf("You only have one argument. You suck.\n");
    
19. 9       } else if (argc > 1 && argc < 4) {
    
20. 10           printf("Here's your arguments:\n");
    
21. 11
    
22. 12           for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
    
23. 13               printf("%s ", argv[i]);
    
24. 14           }
    
25. 15           printf("\n");
    
26. 16       } else {
    
27. 17           printf("You have too many arguments. You suck.\n");
    
28. 18       }
    
29. 19
    
30. 20       return 0;
    
31. 21   }

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1. Exercise 9. While-Loop and Boolean Expressions
   
2. 
   
3. The first looping construct I’ll show you is the while-loop, and it’s the simplest, useful loop you could possibly use in C. Here’s this exercise’s code for discussion:
   
4. 
   
5. ex9.c
   
6. 
   
7. Click here to view code image
   
8. 
   
9. 1   #include <stdio.h>
   
10. 2
    
11. 3   int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    
12. 4   {
    
13. 5       int i = 0;
    
14. 6       while (i < 25) {
    
15. 7           printf("%d", i);
    
16. 8           i++;
    
17. 9       }
    
18. 10
    
19. 11       return 0;
    
20. 12   }

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thanks ..

1. ex11.c
   
2. 
   
3. Click here to view code image
   
4. 
   
5. 1   #include <stdio.h>
   
6. 2
   
7. 3   int main(int argc, char *argv[])
   
8. 4   {
   
9. 5       int numbers[4] = { 0 };
   
10. 6       char name[4] = { 'a' };
    
11. 7
    
12. 8       // first, print them out raw
    
13. 9       printf("numbers: %d %d %d %d\n",
    
14. 10               numbers[0], numbers[1], numbers[2], numbers[3]);
    
15. 11
    
16. 12       printf("name each: %c %c %c %c\n",
    
17. 13               name[0], name[1], name[2], name[3]);
    
18. 14
    
19. 15       printf("name: %s\n", name);
    
20. 16
    
21. 17       // set up the numbers
    
22. 18       numbers[0] = 1;
    
23. 19       numbers[1] = 2;
    
24. 20       numbers[2] = 3;
    
25. 21       numbers[3] = 4;
    
26. 22
    
27. 23       // set up the name
    
28. 24       name[0] = 'Z';
    
29. 25       name[1] = 'e';
    
30. 26       name[2] = 'd';
    
31. 27       name[3] = '\0';
    
32. 28
    
33. 29       // then print them out initialized
    
34. 30       printf("numbers: %d %d %d %d\n",
    
35. 31               numbers[0], numbers[1], numbers[2], numbers[3]);
    
36. 32
    
37. 33       printf("name each: %c %c %c %c\n",
    
38. 34               name[0], name[1], name[2], name[3]);
    
39. 35
    
40. 36       // print the name like a string
    
41. 37       printf("name: %s\n", name);
    
42. 38
    
43. 39       // another way to use name
    
44. 40       char *another = "Zed";
    
45. 41
    
46. 42       printf("another: %s\n", another);
    
47. 43
    
48. 44       printf("another each: %c %c %c %c\n",
    
49. 45               another[0], another[1], another[2], another[3]);
    
50. 46
    
51. 47       return 0;
    
52. 48   }

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1. ex12.c
   
2. 
   
3. Click here to view code image
   
4. 
   
5. 1   #include <stdio.h>
   
6. 2
   
7. 3   int main(int argc, char *argv[])
   
8. 4   {
   
9. 5       int areas[] = { 10, 12, 13, 14, 20 };
   
10. 6       char name[] = "Zed";
    
11. 7       char full_name[] = {
    
12. 8           'Z', 'e', 'd',
    
13. 9           ' ', 'A', '.', ' ',
    
14. 10           'S', 'h', 'a', 'w', '\0'
    
15. 11       };
    
16. 12
    
17. 13       // WARNING: On some systems you may have to change the
    
18. 14       // %ld in this code to a %u since it will use unsigned ints
    
19. 15       printf("The size of an int: %ld\n", sizeof(int));
    
20. 16       printf("The size of areas (int[]): %ld\n", sizeof(areas));
    
21. 17       printf("The number of ints in areas: %ld\n",
    
22. 18               sizeof(areas) / sizeof(int));
    
23. 19       printf("The first area is %d, the 2nd %d.\n", areas[0], areas[1]);
    
24. 20
    
25. 21       printf("The size of a char: %ld\n", sizeof(char));
    
26. 22       printf("The size of name (char[]): %ld\n", sizeof(name));
    
27. 23       printf("The number of chars: %ld\n", sizeof(name) / sizeof(char));
    
28. 24
    
29. 25       printf("The size of full_name (char[]): %ld\n", sizeof(full_name));
    
30. 26       printf("The number of chars: %ld\n",
    
31. 27               sizeof(full_name) / sizeof(char));
    
32. 28
    
33. 29       printf("name=\"%s\" and full_name=\"%s\"\n", name, full_name);
    
34. 30
    
35. 31       return 0;
    
36. 32   }

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