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原文作者：Tamee R Albrecht, Arica Crootof andChristopher A Scott
一作单位：Udall Center for Studies in PublicPolicy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America. School of Geographyand Development, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
期刊名：Environmental Research Letters
期刊月份：2018年4月
关键词：水-能-食物 耦合 SDGs 可持续发展
The water-energy-food (WEF) nexus is rapidly expanding in scholarly literature and policy settings as a novel way to address complex resource and development challenges. The nexus approach aims to identify tradeoffs and synergies of water, energy, and food systems, internalize social and environmental impacts, and guide development of cross-sectoral policies. However, while the WEF nexus offers a promising conceptual approach, the use of WEF nexus methods to systematically evaluate water, energy, and food interlinkages or support development of socially and politically-relevant resource policies has been limited. This paper reviews WEF nexus methods to provide a knowledge base of existing approaches and promote further development of analytical methods that align with nexus thinking. The systematic review of 245 journal articles and book chapters reveals that (a) use of specific and reproducible methods for nexus assessment is uncommon (less than one-third); (b) nexus methods frequently fall short of capturing interactions among water, energy, and food—the very linkages they conceptually purport to address; (c) assessments strongly favor quantitative approaches (nearly three-quarters); (d) use of social science methods is limited (approximately one-quarter); and (e) many nexus methods are confined to disciplinary silos—only about one-quarter combine methods from diverse disciplines and less than one-fifth utilize both quantitative and qualitative approaches.
水-能-食物耦合（简称WEF nexus）概念越来越多的出现在文献研究与政策制定中，为更好地理解多资源系统间的相互依赖与作用关系提供了新的途径。该方法旨在识别水-能-食物系统间的相互取舍与协同作用，并将社会和环境影响内部化，提高资源利用效率，指导跨部门政策的制定。然而，尽管WEF nexus提供了一种有前景的概念性方法，但用于系统评估水-能-食物间的相互联系，或指导社会和政治相关的资源政策的研究方法仍非常有限。为了进一步改进用于研究WEF系统的综合分析方法，提高方法的可利用性，促进WEF的跨部门整合，需要对现有文献中WEF nexus的研究方法进行系统总结。
本文通过综述来自期刊和书刊章节的245篇文章发现：（a）现有研究中，具体的、可重复的评估方法并不常见（少于1/3）；（b）nexus方法试图从概念上强调水、能和食物间的特定联系，但是仍缺乏对于这种联系的刻画；（c）关于WEF nexus的研究文献多偏好于使用定量方法（约占3/4），而较少使用社会科学方法（约占1/4）；（d）许多nexus方法都局限于专业领域，仅1/4的文献结合了不同学科的方法，不到1/5的文献结合了定量与定性方法。为了克服现有研究方法的不足，本文选取了部分能够体现WEF关联思考的文献，总结了其分析方法的特点，包括创新性、跨部门合作、考虑具体环境及政策可行性。并以此分析了现有文献的nexus研究方法，选出了18篇可以指导未来研究的文献进行重点介绍。最后，本文指出，为了解决复杂的资源和发展挑战，需要发展混合的和跨学科的nexus研究方法，将水、能源和食物系统与社会、政治各方面结合起来，结合多种跨学科方法，让利益相关者和决策者参与进来。(3E论文速递)
The Water-Energy-Food Nexus_ A systematic review of methods for nexus assessment.pdf
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