用ggplot2“l临摹”一张商业图表

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最近看到一张商业图片，觉得不错：

于是尝试用ggplot2包“临摹”了一张，下面是代码（画出就成，没有优化过）

1. # 环境设置
   
2. library(tidyverse)
   
3. windowsFonts(myCFont = windowsFont("微软雅黑"))
   
4. windowsFonts(myNFont = windowsFont("Miriam"))
   
5. 
   
6. # 数据和参数
   
7. width <- 0.42
   
8. 
   
9. df <- data_frame(source = c("遗弃", "送养", "其他"),
   
10.                  boy = c(476, 3848, 17585 - 476 - 3848),
    
11.                  girl = c(1900, 9512, 18265 - 1900 - 9512))
    
12. 
    
13. df <- df %>%
    
14.   mutate(boy_cum = cumsum(boy),
    
15.          girl_cum  = cumsum(girl))
    
16. 
    
17. df_p <- data_frame(x = c(1 + width, rep(2 - width, 2), 1 + width),
    
18.                    y1 = c(0, 0, 1900, 476),
    
19.                    y2 = c(476, 1900, 11412, 4324),
    
20.                    y3 = c(4324, 11412, 18265, 17585))
    
21. 
    
22. df_t <- data_frame(x1 = 1 - width,
    
23.                    y1 = c(476, 4324),
    
24.                    l1 = c("476", "3,848"),
    
25.                    x2 = 2 - width,
    
26.                    y2 = c(1900, 11412),
    
27.                    l2 = c("1,900", "9,512"))
    
28. 
    
29. # 画图
    
30. df %>%
    
31.   select(source, boy, girl) %>%
    
32.   gather(type, value, -1) %>%
    
33.   mutate(type = as.integer(factor(type))) %>%
    
34.   ggplot(aes(x = type, y = value, fill = source)) +
    
35.   geom_bar(position = "stack", stat = "identity",
    
36.            show.legend = FALSE,
    
37.            width = 2 * width) +
    
38.   theme_void() +
    
39.   ylim(0, 20200) +
    
40.   xlim(-0.1, 2.5) +
    
41.   scale_fill_manual(values = c("#adc1da", "#6d8cbb", "#486390")) +
    
42.   geom_polygon(data = df_p, aes(x = x, y = y1), fill = "#bec9db") +
    
43.   geom_polygon(data = df_p, aes(x = x, y = y2), fill = "#cdd9e9") +
    
44.   geom_polygon(data = df_p, aes(x = x, y = y3), fill = "#e6edf5") +
    
45.   annotate(geom = "text", x = df_t$x1, y = df_t$y1, label = df_t$l1,
    
46.            color = "white", size = 6, hjust = -0.1, vjust = 1.2,
    
47.            family = "myNFont") +
    
48.   annotate(geom = "text", x = df_t$x2, y = df_t$y2, label = df_t$l2,
    
49.            color = "white", size = 6, hjust = -0.1, vjust = 1.,
    
50.            family = "myNFont") +
    
51.   annotate(geom = "text", x = 1:2 - width, y = c(17585, 18265),
    
52.            label = c("17,585", "18,265"), size = 6, hjust = 0, vjust = -0.8) +
    
53.   annotate(geom = "text", x = c(1, 1, 2) - width, y = c(18265, rep(18265 + 1000, 2)),
    
54.            label = c("所有情况", "男孩", "女孩"), size = 6, hjust = 0,
    
55.            vjust = -1.2, family = "myCFont") +
    
56.   geom_segment(x = 1 - width, xend = 0.95, y = 19450, yend = 19450, color = "gray50", size = 1) +
    
57.   geom_segment(x = 2 - width, xend = 1.86, y = 19450, yend = 19450, color = "gray50", size = 1) +
    
58.   geom_segment(x = 0.35, xend = 0.50, y = 476, yend = 476, size = 1, color = "gray50") +
    
59.   geom_segment(x = 0.35, xend = 0.50, y = 4324, yend = 4324, size = 1, color = "gray50") +
    
60.   annotate(geom = "text", x = 0.35, y = c(476, 4324), label = c("遗弃", "送养"),
    
61.            vjust = 1.5, hjust = 0, size = 5, family = "myCFont") +
    
62.   annotate(geom = "text", x = 0.45, y = 19265 - 0:6 * 1100,
    
63.            label = c("是", "家", "人", "主", "动", "放", "弃"),
    
64.            hjust = 1, vjust = -0.2, family = "myCFont", size = 11, color = "#486390") +
    
65.   annotate(geom = "text", x = 0.20, y = 19265 - 0:6 * 1100,
    
66.            label = c("相", "当", "多", "儿", "童", "失", "踪"),
    
67.            hjust = 1, vjust = -0.2, family = "myCFont", size = 11, color = "#6d8cbb") +
    
68.   geom_segment(x = 0.03, xend = 0.45, y = 12300, yend = 12300, color = "gray50", size = 1) +
    
69.   annotate(geom = "text", x = 0.05, y = 12100 - 0:13 * 400,
    
70.            label = c("注", "：", "这", "里", "的", "送", "养", "、", "遗", "弃", "仅", "为", "家", "人"),
    
71.            vjust = 1.5, hjust = 0, size = 4, family = "myCFont", color = "gray50") +
    
72.   annotate(geom = "text", x = 0.14, y = 12100 - 0:15 * 400,
    
73.            label = c("后", "来", "想", "念", "孩", "子", "主", "动", "寻", "找", "，", "非", "完", "整", "情", "况"),
    
74.            vjust = 1.5, hjust = 0, size = 4, family = "myCFont", color = "gray50") +
    
75.   annotate(geom = "text", x = 0.34, y = 12100 - 0:8 * 400,
    
76.            label = c("数", "据", "来", "源", "：", "宝", "贝", "回", "家"),
    
77.            vjust = 1.5, hjust = 1, size = 4, family = "myCFont", color = "gray50") +
    
78.   annotate(geom = "text", x = 0.45, y = 12100 - 0:3 * 400, label = c("单", "位", "：", "人"),
    
79.            vjust = 1.5, hjust = 1, size = 4, family = "myCFont", color = "gray50") +
    
80.   theme(text = element_text(face = "bold"))

复制代码

做出来的图如下：

【该图仅做学习用途，勿做他用】

过程中有几点感悟：
1、商业图表专业的地方在于构图和色彩，构图我是照抄的，色彩我是抓取原图的色彩，所以我“临摹”的技术含量不高；
2、对于商业展示图表，个人感觉用ggplot2和base R的画图差别没有那么大了，都要用“绣花”功夫，逐个添加元素；
3、ggplot2最有优势的地方应该在数据探索和分析者与数据的互动上；
4、字体很重要，可惜我没有足够的字体库。

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关键词：ggplot2 gplot plot GPL annotate

厉害

very good, If I were you, it will take me a long time to replicate the graph. Thanks for sharing!

深表同意，ggplot2在迅速展探索数据，展现变量间的关系上表现出色，但是考虑到效率，商业图表上的各种美化（绣花功夫）还是用AI或者PS这些所见即所得的工具直观快捷

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