山药多糖提取工艺正交优化_化工专业论文范文
发布时间：2015-01-15
来源：人大经济论坛
化工专业论文范文
目 录
中文摘要I
英文摘要II
目 录III
1. 绪 论1
1.1 山药的种类及其在我国的分布1
1.2 山药的主要化学成分1
1.2.1 黏蛋白1
1.2.2 氨基酸等活性物质1
1.2.3 尿囊素2
1.2.4 淀粉2
1.2.5 脂肪酸2
1.2.6 微量和常量元素2
1.2.7 山药多糖2
1.3 山药的药理作用2
1.3.1 调节免疫作用2
1.3.2 调节脾胃功能3
1.3.3 抗衰老作用3
1.3.4 抗肿瘤作用3
1.3.5 抗突变作用3
1.3.6 降血糖作用3
1.4 山药多糖的提取方法4
1.4.1 水提法4
1.4.2 CTAB沉淀法4
1.4.3 离子交换吸附法5
1.4.4 微波超声辅助法5
1.4.5 酶法5
1.5 山药多糖的检测5
1.6 山药有效成分的优化方法6
1.6.1 正交实验法6
1.6.2 响应面法6
1.7 山药的发展前景6
1.7.1 国内市场6
1.7.2 国外市场6
1.7.3 山药的深加工7
2. 实验部分8
2.1 原料、试剂及仪器8
2.2 实验步骤8
2.2.1 山药饮片的预处理8
2.2.2 山药多糖的提取8
2.2.3 苯酚－硫酸法测定葡萄糖含量9
3. 实验结果与讨论10
3.1 标准曲线的绘制10
3.1.1 山药多糖波长扫描曲线10
3.1.2 葡萄糖标准曲线10
3.2 单因素考察11
3.2.1 预处理时间对收率的影响11
3.2.2 提取时间对收率的影响11
3.2.3 提取温度对收率的影响12
3.2.4 物水比对收率的影响13
3.2.5 提取次数对收率的影响13
3.2.6 单因素最佳条件的实验14
3.2.7 回收溶剂在最佳条件的实验14
3.3 正交设计15
3.4 正交结果与分析15
4. 总结与展望17
致 谢18
参考文献19
摘 要：本文对山药多糖提取工艺进行优化，得出较佳提取条件，应用于山药多糖的提取。实验以山药多糖收率为指标，对山药预处理时间，提取过程中提取温度、提取时间、物水质量比及提取次数，重复性，回收溶剂再利用等因素进行了单因素考察，最后用正交法分析实验结果。实验结果表明：山药多糖的较优提取工艺为预处理时间2+2h，提取时间2h，提取温度60℃，物水比1:20，提取次数1次；提取操作重复性好，溶剂回收再利用可行。通过正交设计得出较佳条件为：提取温度65℃，提取时间2.5h，物水比1:25。
关键词：山药多糖；提取工艺；收率；溶剂回收；正交设计
Abstract: The optimization experiment of active polysaccharide extraction of Chinese yam was carried out and the optimal extraction condition was determined, and accordingly to be used in extracting of Chinese yam polysaccharide in this articles. The experiment of yam polysaccharide yield as an index for yam pretreatment time was studied, extraction temperature, extraction time, material-water mass ratio and extraction times, repeatability, recovery and reuse of solvent and other factors in the extraction process were studied, finally the experimental results were analysied by orthogonal. The results showed that the better pre-processing time for yam polysaccharide extraction was 2+2h, extraction time was 2h, extraction temperature was
60℃, material-water ratio was 1:20, extraction times was 1; repeatability for extraction operation was good, recycling solvents were feasible. The better conditions are obtained by orthogonal design as follows: extraction temperature 65 ℃, extraction time 2.5 hours and material-water mass ratio 1:25.
Key words: Yam polysaccharide; Extraction process; Yield; Solvent recovery; Orthogonal design
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