1 论文标题
Moving off the farm: Land institutions to facilitate structural transformation and agricultural productivity growth in China
2 作者信息
Klaus Deininger，Songqing Jin，Fang Xia
3 出处和链接
World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 5949，2012
4 摘要
Agriculture has made major contributions to China’s
economic growth and poverty reduction, but the
literature has rarely focused on the institutional factors
that might underpin such structural transformation
and productivity. This paper aims to fill that gap.
Drawing on an 8-year panel of 1,200 households in
six key provinces, it explores the impact of government
land reallocations and formal land-use certificates on
agricultural productivity growth, as well as the likelihood
of households to exit from agriculture or send family
members to the non-farm sector. It finds that land

tenure insecurity, measured by the history of past land
reallocations, discourages households from quitting
agriculture. The recognition of land rights through formal
certificates encourages the temporary migration of rural
labor. Both factors have a large impact on productivity
(at about 30 percent each), mainly by encouraging
market-based land transfers. A sustained increase in
non-agricultural opportunities will likely reinforce the
importance of secure land tenure, which is a precondition
for successful structural transformation and continued
economic attractiveness of rural areas.