<P>注：全部下载并按照顺序分别重新命名为part01.rar,part02.rar……part7.rar后对part01.rar解压缩才能顺利打开<br><br>IN THIS CHAPTER<br>YOU WILL . . .<br>Discuss how<br>incentives af fect<br>people’s behavior<br>Learn the meaning of<br>oppor tunity cost<br>Learn that<br>economics is about<br>the allocation of<br>scarce resources<br>Examine some of the<br>tradeof fs that people<br>face<br>See how to use<br>marginal reasoning<br>when making<br>decisions<br>The word economy comes from the Greek word for “one who manages a household.”<br>At first, this origin might seem peculiar. But, in fact, households and<br>economies have much in common.<br>A household faces many decisions. It must decide which members of the<br>household do which tasks and what each member gets in return: Who cooks dinner?<br>Who does the laundry? Who gets the extra dessert at dinner? Who gets to<br>choose what TV show to watch? In short, the household must allocate its scarce resources<br>among its various members, taking into account each member’s abilities,<br>efforts, and desires.<br>Like a household, a society faces many decisions. A society must decide what<br>jobs will be done and who will do them. It needs some people to grow food, other<br>people to make clothing, and still others to design computer software. Once society<br>has allocated people (as well as land, buildings, and machines) to various jobs,<br>T E N P R I N C I P L E S<br>O F E C O N O M I C S<br>3<br>Consider why trade<br>among people or<br>nations can be good<br>for everyone<br>Discuss why markets<br>are a good, but not<br>per fect, way to<br>allocate resources<br>Learn what<br>determines some<br>trends in the overall<br>economy </P><br><br><br>

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