<P>注：全部下载并按照顺序分别重新命名为part01.rar,part02.rar……part7.rar后对part01.rar解压缩才能顺利打开<BR><BR>IN THIS CHAPTER<BR>YOU WILL . . .<BR>Discuss how<BR>incentives af fect<BR>people’s behavior<BR>Learn the meaning of<BR>oppor tunity cost<BR>Learn that<BR>economics is about<BR>the allocation of<BR>scarce resources<BR>Examine some of the<BR>tradeof fs that people<BR>face<BR>See how to use<BR>marginal reasoning<BR>when making<BR>decisions<BR>The word economy comes from the Greek word for “one who manages a household.”<BR>At first, this origin might seem peculiar. But, in fact, households and<BR>economies have much in common.<BR>A household faces many decisions. It must decide which members of the<BR>household do which tasks and what each member gets in return: Who cooks dinner?<BR>Who does the laundry? Who gets the extra dessert at dinner? Who gets to<BR>choose what TV show to watch? In short, the household must allocate its scarce resources<BR>among its various members, taking into account each member’s abilities,<BR>efforts, and desires.<BR>Like a household, a society faces many decisions. A society must decide what<BR>jobs will be done and who will do them. It needs some people to grow food, other<BR>people to make clothing, and still others to design computer software. Once society<BR>has allocated people (as well as land, buildings, and machines) to various jobs,<BR>T E N P R I N C I P L E S<BR>O F E C O N O M I C S<BR>3<BR>Consider why trade<BR>among people or<BR>nations can be good<BR>for everyone<BR>Discuss why markets<BR>are a good, but not<BR>per fect, way to<BR>allocate resources<BR>Learn what<BR>determines some<BR>trends in the overall<BR>economy </P>
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