链接：http://www.nber.org/papers/w19111.pdf?new_window=1
在多子女家庭，家长会不会公平对待每一个孩子，让他们平等的享有受教育的机会？
在中国，对于独生子女家庭来说似乎不存在这个问题。但是，对多子女的家庭，尤其是家庭资源比较有限的农村家庭来说，每个孩子拥有的受教育机会显然是不均等的。我们经常会看到一个子女放弃学业、提早就业来支持另一个子女读书的情况。
这篇论文的研究数据来自丹麦，虽然社会环境有很大差异，但是研究方法和结论还是很有启发价值。
期待来自中国数据的相关研究。

conclusion：
We study a model of fertility choice in which parents allocate resources dierentially according to
the order of birth of a child, their birth order. The objective of the theory is to provide testable
predictions on the eect of family size on the children's distribution of human capital within the
household. We then outline an empirical strategy that identies the eect of family size on the
intra-household distribution of human capital separately from the eect that birth order may
have on a child's education, and test these predictions using a population-wide comprehensive
administrative panel dataset from Denmark. Specically, we implement a two-step empirical
strategy which estimates birth order eects controlling for family-xed eects (rst step), and
after netting out the estimated birth order eects from the child's education, allows us to recover
the eect of an exogenous change in family size using an instrumental variable approach (second
step).
Contrary to previous literature, our results suggest that both birth order and family size
aect years of education. Our results are robust to a variety of specications. Our identication
strategy is based on our economic model. In this way, we demonstrate the importance of linking
the empirical strategy to economic theory.