Contents

Preface v

Introduction 1

Chapter 1 Starting with MATLAB 5

1.1 STARTING MATLAB, MATLAB WINDOWS 5

1.2 WORKING IN THE COMMAND WINDOW 9

1.3 ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS WITH SCALARS 11

1.3.1 Order of Precedence 11

1.3.2 Using MATLAB as a Calculator 12

1.4 DISPLAY FORMATS 12

1.5 ELEMENTARY MATH BUILT-IN FUNCTIONS 14

1.6 DEFINING SCALAR VARIABLES 16

1.6.1 The Assignment Operator 16

1.6.2 Rules About Variable Names 18

1.6.3 Predefined Variables and Keywords 19

1.7 USEFUL COMMANDS FOR MANAGING VARIABLES 19

1.8 SCRIPT FILES 20

1.8.1 Notes About Script Files 20

1.8.2 Creating and Saving a Script File 21

1.8.3 Running (Executing) a Script File 22

1.8.4 Current Folder 22

1.9 EXAMPLES OF MATLAB APPLICATIONS 24

1.10 PROBLEMS 27

Chapter 2 Creating Arrays 35

2.1 CREATING A ONE-DIMENSIONAL ARRAY (VECTOR) 35

2.2 CREATING A TwO-DIMENSIONAL ARRAY (MATRIX) 39

2.2.1 The zeros, ones and, eye Commands 40

2.3 NOTES ABOUT VARIABLES IN MATLAB 41

2.4 THE TRANSPOSE OPERATOR 41

2.5 ARRAY ADDRESSING 42

2.5.1 Vector 42

2.5.2 Matrix 43

2.6 USING A COLON : IN ADDRESSING ARRAYS 44

2.7 ADDING ELEMENTS TO EXISTING VARIABLES 46

2.8 DELETING ELEMENTS 48

2.9 BUILT-IN FUNCTIONS FOR HANDLING ARRAYS 49

2.10 STRINGS AND STRINGS AS VARIABLES 53

2.11 PROBLEMS 55

Chapter 3 Mathematical Operations withArrays 63

3.1 ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION 64

3.2 ARRAYMULTIPLICATION 65

3.3 ARRAY DIVISION 68

3.4 ELEMENT-BY-ELEMENT OPERATIONS 72

3.5 USING ARRAYS IN MATLAB BUILT-IN MATH FUNCTIONS 75

3.6 BUILT-IN FUNCTIONS FOR ANALYZING ARRAYS 75

3.7 GENERATION OF RANDOM NUMBERS 77

3.8 EXAMPLES OF MATLAB APPLICATIONS 80

3.9 PROBLEMS 86

Chapter 4 Using Script Files and ManagingData 95

4.1 THE MATLAB WORKSPACE AND THE WORKSPACE WINDOW 96

4.2 INPUT TO A SCRIPT FILE 97

4.3 OUTPUT COMMANDS 100

4.3.1 The disp Command 101

4.3.2 The fprintf Command 103

4.4 THE save AND load COMMANDS 111

4.4.1 The save Command 111

4.4.2 The load Command 112

4.5 IMPORTING AND EXPORTING DATA 114

4.5.1 Commands for Importing and Exporting Data 114

4.5.2 Using the Import Wizard 116

4.6 EXAMPLES OF MATLAB APPLICATIONS 118

4. 7 PROBLEMS 123

Chapter 5 Two-Dimensional Plots 133

5.1 THE plot COMMAND 134

5.1.1 Plot of Given Data 138

5.1.2 Plot of a Function 139

5.2 THE fplot COMMAND 140

5.3 PLOTTING MULTIPLE GRAPHS IN THE SAME PLOT 141

5.3.1 Using the plot Command 141

5.3.2 Using the hold on and hold off Commands 142

5.3.3 Using the line Command 143

5.4 FORMATTING A PLOT 144

5.4.1 Formatting a Plot Using Commands 144

5.4.2 Formatting a Plot Using the Plot Editor 148

5.5 PLOTS WITH LOGARITHMIC AxES 149

5.6 PLOTS WITH ERROR BARS 150

5.7 PLOTS WITH SPECIAL GRAPHICS 152

5.8 HISTOGRAMS 153

5.9 POLAR PLOTS 156

5.10 PuTTING MULTIPLE PLOTS ON THE SAME PAGE 157

5.11 MULTIPLE FIGURE WINDOWS 157

5.12 PLOTTING USING THE PLOTS TOOLSTRIP 159

5.13 EXAMPLES OF MATLAB APPLICATIONS 160

5.14 PROBLEMS 165

Chapter 6 Programming in MATLAB 175

6.1 RELATIONAL AND LOGICAL OPERATORS 176

6.2 CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS 184

6.2.1 The if-end Structure 184

6.2.2 The if-else-end Structure 186

6.2.3 The if-elseif-else-end Structure 187

6.3 THE switch-case STATEMENT 189

6.4 LOOPS 192

6.4.1 for-end Loops 192

6.4.2 while-end Loops 197

6.5 NESTED LOOPS AND NESTED CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS 200

6.6 THE break AND continue COMMANDS 202

6.7 EXAMPLES OF MATLAB APPLICATIONS 203

6.8 PROBLEMS 211

Chapter 7 User-Defined Functions andFunction Files 221

7.1 CREATING A FUNCTION FILE 222

7.2 STRUCTURE OF A FUNCTION FILE 223

7.2.1 Function Definition Line 224

7.2.2 Input and Output Arguments 224

7.2.3 The H1 Line and Help Text Lines 226

7.2.4 Function Body 226

7.3 LOCAL AND GLOBAL VARIABLES 226

7.4 SAVING A FUNCTION FILE 227

7.5 USING A USER-DEFINED FUNCTION 228

7.6 EXAMPLES OF SIMPLE USER-DEFINED FUNCTIONS 229

7.7 COMPARISON BETWEEN SCRIPT FILES AND FUNCTION FILES 231

7.8 ANONYMOUS FUNCTIONS 231

7.9 FUNCTION FUNCTIONS 234

7.9 .1 Using Function Handles for Passing a Function into a FunctionFunction 235

7.9.2 Using a Function Name for Passing a Function into a Function

Function 238

7.10 SUBFUNCTIONS 240

7.11 NESTED FUNCTIONS 242

7.12 EXAMPLES OF MATLAB APPLICATIONS 245

7.13 PROBLEMS 248

Chapter 8 Polynomials, Curve Fitting, andInterpolation 261

8.1 POLYNOMIALS 261

8.1.1 Value of a Polynomial 262

8.1.2 Roots of a Polynomial 263

8.1.3 Addition, Multiplication, and Division of Polynomials 264

8.1.4 Derivatives ofPolynomials 266

8.2 CURVE FITTING 267

8.2.1 Curve Fitting with Polynomials; The pol yf it Function 267

8.2.2 Curve Fitting with Functions Other than Polynomials 271

8.3 INTERPOLATION 274

8.4 THE BASIC FITTING INTERFACE 278

8.5 EXAMPLES OF MATLAB APPLICATIONS 281

8.6 PROBLEMS 286

Chapter 9 Applications in NumericalAnalysis 295

9.1 SOLVING AN EQUATION WITH ONE VARIABLE 295

9.2 FINDING A MINIMUM OR A MAXIMUM OF A FUNCTION 298

9.3 NUMERICAL INTEGRATION 300

9.4 ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 303

9.5 EXAMPLES OF MATLAB APPLICATIONS 307

9.6 PROBLEMS 313

Chapter 10 Three-Dimensional Plots 323

10.1 LINE PLOTS 323

10.2 MESH AND SURFACE PLOTS 324

10.3 PLOTS WITH SPECIAL GRAPHICS 331

10.4 THE view COMMAND 333

10.5 EXAMPLES OF MATLAB APPLICATIONS 336

10.6 PROBLEMS 341

Chapter 11 Symbolic Math 347

11.1 SYMBOLIC OBJECTS AND SYMBOLIC EXPRESSIONS 348

11.1.1 Creating Symbolic Objects 348

11.1.2 Creating Symbolic Expressions 350

11.1.3 The fmdsym Command and the Default Symbolic Variable 353

11.2 CHANGING THE FORM OF AN EXISTING SYMBOLIC EXPRESSION 354

11.2.1 The collect, expand, and factor Commands 354

11.2.2 The simplify and simple Commands 356

11.2.3 The pretty Command 357

11.3 SOLVING ALGEBRAIC EQUATIONS 358

11.4 DIFFERENTIATION 363

11.5 INTEGRATION 365

11.6 SOLVING AN ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION 366

11.7 PLOTTING SYMBOLIC EXPRESSIONS 369

11.8 NUMERICAL CALCULATIONS WITH SYMBOLIC EXPRESSIONS 372

11.9 EXAMPLES OF MATLAB APPLICATIONS 376

11.10 PROBLEMS 384

Appendix: Summary of Characters, Commands,and Functions 393

Answers to Selected Problems www.wiley.com/college/gilat

Index 401