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文件名:  FALLING SHORT.pdf
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Falling Short: The Coming Retirement Crisis and What to Do About It 1st Edition
168 pages
by Charles D. Ellis (Author), Alicia H. Munnell (Author), Andrew D. Eschtruth (Author)



The United States faces a serious retirement challenge. Many of today's workers will lack the resources to retire at traditional ages and maintain their standard of living in retirement. Solving the problem is a major challenge in today's environment in which risk and responsibility have shifted from government and employers to individuals. For this reason, Charles D. Ellis, Alicia H. Munnell, and Andrew D. Eschtruth have written this concise guide for anyone concerned about their own - and the nation's - retirement security.

Falling Short is grounded in sound research yet written in a highly accessible style. The authors provide a vivid picture of the retirement crisis in America. They offer the necessary context for understanding the nature and size of the retirement income shortfall, which is caused by both increasing income needs-due to longer lifespans and rising health costs-and decreasing support from Social Security and employer-sponsored pension plans.

The solutions are to work longer and save more by building on the existing retirement system. To work longer, individuals should plan to stay in the labor force until age 70 if possible. To save more, policymakers should shore up Social Security's long-term finances; make all 401(k) plans fully automatic, with workers allowed to opt out; and ensure that everyone has access to a retirement savings plan. Individuals should also recognize that their house is a source of saving, which they can tap in retirement through downsizing or a reverse mortgage.
Acting on these solutions now will greatly improve the prospects of a secure retirement for today's workers.



  • Tackles the challenge of ensuring retirement security for an aging population with brevity and clarity
  • Pulls together a large body of research and data to provide both historical context and a detailed picture of the current challenge
  • Does not just diagnose the problem; provides specific and practical solutions that build on the current structure of the nation's retirement system
  • Purposely chosen solutions for their feasibility as well as their effectiveness
  • Contains separate chapters on what individuals can do and what we can do collectively as a nation



Readership: A broad audience of readers who are concerned about the future of their own retirement security and/or the nation's retirement security, including public policy analysts, advocates, and decision-makers; employers, particularly those who have 401(k) plans; 401(k) plan participants; financial services professionals (specifically those involved in investments and insurance); academics (specifically those in economics, finance, gerontology, and public policy); and the educated lay public who are looking for broad guidance about their financial future.


Chapter 1: Introduction


Chapter 2: How Did We Get Here?


Chapter 3: How Big Is the Problem?


Chapter 4: What Can We Do as Individuals?


Chapter 5: What Can We Do as a Nation?








See more @ http://crr.bc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/IB_15-7_508.pdf




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