英文标题：
《Insights in Economical Complexity in Spain: the hidden boost of migrants
in international tradings》
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作者：
Elena Agliari, Adriano Barra, Andrea Galluzzi, Francisco
Requena-Silvente, Daniele Tantari
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最新提交年份：
2015
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英文摘要：
We consider extensive data on Spanish international trades and population composition and, through statistical-mechanics and graph-theory driven analysis, we unveil that the social network made of native and foreign-born individuals plays a role in the evolution and in the diversification of trades. Indeed, migrants naturally provide key information on policies and needs in their native countries, hence allowing firm\'s holders to leverage transactional costs of exports and duties. As a consequence, international trading is affordable for a larger basin of firms and thus results in an increased number of transactions, which, in turn, implies a larger diversification of international traded products. These results corroborate the novel scenario depicted by \"Economical Complexity\", where the pattern of production and trade of more developed countries is highly diversified. We also address a central question in Economics, concerning the existence of a critical threshold for migrants (within a given territorial district) over which they effectively contribute to boost international trades: in our physically-driven picture, this phenomenon corresponds to the emergence of a phase transition and, tackling the problem from this perspective, results in a novel successful quantitative route. Finally, we can infer that the pattern of interaction between native and foreign-born population exhibits small-world features as small diameter, large clustering, and weak ties working as optimal cut-edge, in complete agreement with findings in \"Social Complexity\".
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中文摘要：
我们考虑了有关西班牙国际贸易和人口构成的大量数据，并通过统计力学和图论驱动的分析，揭示了由本地和外国出生的个人组成的社会网络在贸易的演变和多样化中发挥着作用。事实上，移民自然会提供有关本国政策和需求的关键信息，从而允许企业所有者利用出口和关税的交易成本。因此，国际贸易对更大范围的公司来说是可以承受的，从而导致交易数量的增加，这反过来意味着国际贸易产品的更大多样化。这些结果证实了“经济复杂性”所描述的新情景，即较发达国家的生产和贸易模式高度多样化。我们还讨论了经济学中的一个核心问题，即移民（在给定的领土区域内）是否存在一个临界阈值，在这个阈值上，他们有效地促进了国际贸易：在我们的物质驱动图景中，这一现象对应于一个阶段过渡的出现，并从这个角度解决问题，结果得到了一条新的成功的定量路线。最后，我们可以推断，本地和外国出生人口之间的互动模式表现出小世界特征，如直径孝集群大、弱联系作为最佳切入点，这与“社会复杂性”中的发现完全一致。
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分类信息：

一级分类：Physics 物理学
二级分类：Physics and Society 物理学与社会
分类描述：Structure, dynamics and collective behavior of societies and groups (human or otherwise). Quantitative analysis of social networks and other complex networks. Physics and engineering of infrastructure and systems of broad societal impact (e.g., energy grids, transportation networks).
社会和团体（人类或其他）的结构、动态和集体行为。社会网络和其他复杂网络的定量分析。具有广泛社会影响的基础设施和系统（如能源网、运输网络）的物理和工程。
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一级分类：Quantitative Finance 数量金融学
二级分类：General Finance 一般财务
分类描述：Development of general quantitative methodologies with applications in finance
通用定量方法的发展及其在金融中的应用
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