英文标题：
《International crop trade networks: The impact of shocks and cascades》
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作者：
Rebekka Burkholz, Frank Schweitzer
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最新提交年份：
2019
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英文摘要：
Analyzing available FAO data from 176 countries over 21 years, we observe an increase of complexity in the international trade of maize, rice, soy, and wheat. A larger number of countries play a role as producers or intermediaries, either for trade or food processing. In consequence, we find that the trade networks become more prone to failure cascades caused by exogenous shocks. In our model, countries compensate for demand deficits by imposing export restrictions. To capture these, we construct higher-order trade dependency networks for the different crops and years. These networks reveal hidden dependencies between countries and allow to discuss policy implications.
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中文摘要：
通过分析粮农组织21年来176个国家的可用数据，我们发现玉米、大米、大豆和小麦的国际贸易越来越复杂。更多的国家在贸易或食品加工方面发挥着生产者或中间商的作用。因此，我们发现，贸易网络更容易出现由外部冲击引起的失败级联。在我们的模型中，各国通过实施出口限制来弥补需求赤字。为了捕捉这些，我们为不同的作物和年份构建了高阶贸易依赖网络。这些网络揭示了国家之间隐藏的依赖关系，并允许讨论政策影响。
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分类信息：

一级分类：Physics 物理学
二级分类：Physics and Society 物理学与社会
分类描述：Structure, dynamics and collective behavior of societies and groups (human or otherwise). Quantitative analysis of social networks and other complex networks. Physics and engineering of infrastructure and systems of broad societal impact (e.g., energy grids, transportation networks).
社会和团体（人类或其他）的结构、动态和集体行为。社会网络和其他复杂网络的定量分析。具有广泛社会影响的基础设施和系统（如能源网、运输网络）的物理和工程。
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一级分类：Physics 物理学
二级分类：Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems 自适应和自组织系统
分类描述：Adaptation, self-organizing systems, statistical physics, fluctuating systems, stochastic processes, interacting particle systems, machine learning
自适应，自组织系统，统计物理，波动系统，随机过程，相互作用粒子系统，机器学习
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一级分类：Quantitative Finance 数量金融学
二级分类：Trading and Market Microstructure 交易与市场微观结构
分类描述：Market microstructure, liquidity, exchange and auction design, automated trading, agent-based modeling and market-making
市场微观结构，流动性，交易和拍卖设计，自动化交易，基于代理的建模和做市
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