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International Trade and Multinational Activity
Heterogeneity of Firms, Incentives for Foreign Direct Investment, and International Business Cycle Dynamics
Dr. Julian Emami Namini
Department of Economics
University of Duisburg-Essen, Campus Essen
45117 Essen
Germany
E-mail: emami®vwLuni-essen.de
ISBN-10 3-540-32718-5 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
ISBN-13 978-3-540-32718-9 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
1 Introduction 1
2 Gains from trade with firm heterogeneity 5
2.1 Introduction 5
2.2 Basic model 7
2.2.1 Production 7
2.2.2 Demand 8
2.2.3 Aggregation 8
2.2.4 Dynamic structure 10
2.2.5 Firm entry and exit 13
2.2.6 Average capital intensity and steady state welfare. 14
2.3 Equilibrium in the closed economy 16
2.4 Equilibrium in the open economy 19
2.4.1 Aggregation 20
2.4.2 Equilibrium 22
2.4.3 Trade and welfare 26
2.5 The model at work - a numerical analysis 32
2.5.1 Comparative statics of the closed economy 32
2.5.2 Comparative statics of the open economy 34
2.6 Conclusions 38
3 The international organization of the firm 41
3.1 Introduction 41
3.2 Basic model 48
3.2.1 Formal structure 48
3.2.2 Numerical setup 56
3.2.3 Comparative statics 60
3.3 Multinational activity with more than two traded goods 60
3.3.1 Trade patterns in a Heckscher-Ohlin model with
four traded goods 62
3.3.2 Vertical multinational firms 66
3.3.3 Horizontal multinational firms 76
3.3.4 Knowledge-capital model 84
3.4 Extensions 91
3.4.1 Oligopsonistic sector X firms in the vertical model 91
3.4.2 Imperfect factor markets and non-exploiting
sector X firms in the horizontal model 100
3.5 Conclusions 108
4 International business cycle dynamics with
Heckscher-Ohlin trade Ill
4.1 Introduction Ill
4.2 Benchmark model 114
4.3 Simulation results 117
4.4 Extensions 124
4.4.1 Intermediate goods 125
4.4.2 Horizontal multinational firms and the
international business cycle 130
4.5 Conclusions 134
5 Conclusions 137
6 Appendix 141
References 157