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  • 基于混合粒子群算法的微波酯化反应模型的优化

    目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目 录III 1. 绪论1 2. 支持向量机(Support Vector Machines)3 3. 粒子群算法7 3.1 基本粒子群算法7 3.2 混合粒子群算法9 3.2.1 混沌粒子群优化算法9 3.2.2 基于模拟退火的粒子群优化算法11 3.3 混沌粒子群算法性能测试11 4. 模型的建立和优化12 4.1数据预处理12 4.2交叉验证14 4.3参数的选择15 4.4建立模型15 5. 总结与展望19 致 谢20 参考文献21 附录 MATLAB代码22 摘 要:粒子群优化(Particle Swarm Optimization,PSO)是一种高效的优化搜索算法,在函数优化、神经网络训练、模式分类、模糊系统控制等领域得到了广泛的应用。标准粒子群优化(Standard Particle Swarm Optimization)算法容易使模型陷入局部极值,而采用混沌粒子群算法 (CPSO),即对全局极值采用自适应混沌优化策略,当出现早熟收敛时,对部分较优粒子采用混沌优化策略,摆脱了局部极值,得到全局最优。本文针对微波酯化反应过程表现出较强的非线性以及众多的影响因素,利用偏最小二乘支持向量机(partial Least Square, LS-SVM)基于实验数据对水杨酸乙酯的微波催化合成反应进行建模。针对该反应,利用混沌粒子群算法优化偏最小二乘支持向量机模型,模型的拟合误差平方和为0.066%,得到最优条件为:酸醇比0.14,功率402W,催化剂用量3.00mL,反应时间42min,对应的产率为80.11%。 关键词:酯化;建模;支持向量机;混合粒子群 Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization of Microwave esterification reaction model Abstract: PSO is an efficient search algorithm,it has been widely used In function optimization, neural network training, pattern classification, fuzzy system control and other fields. Standard PSO algorithm is easy to make the model into a local minimum. Chaotic particle swarm optimization (CPSO), the global extreme adaptive chaos optimization strategy, when there is premature convergence, the optimum particle on the part of the chaos optimization strategy used, out of a local minimum, obtain the global optimum. Chaotic particle swarm optimization using partial least squares support vector machine model. This article papers for the esterification process of microwave showed a strong non-linear as well as numerous factors,Using partial least squares support vector machine based on experimental data on the Microwave Synthesis of Ethyl Salicylate reaction modeling。Model fitting error square is 0.066%, the optimal conditions: acid alcohol ratio of 0.14,the power of 402W, catalyst of 3.00 mL and reaction time of 42 min. The corresponding yield is 80.11%. Keywords:Esterification; modeling; support vector machine; hybrid particle swarm

  • 超声辅助下橘核中柠檬苦素提取工艺优化研究

    目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目 录III 1 绪论1 1.1 柠檬苦素类似物的含量及分布1 1.2 类柠檬苦素类似物种类和结构1 1.3 柠檬苦素类似物的理化性质2 1.4 柠檬苦素类似物的生物活性2 1.5 柠檬苦素类似物的提取技术4 1.6 柠檬苦素类似物的纯化技术5 1.7 柠檬苦素类似物的分析方法6 1.8 实验思路7 2 实验部分8 2.1 实验原料、试剂与仪器8 2.2 实验步骤9 3 结果与讨论11 3.1 柠檬苦素浓度与吸光度关系的标准曲线11 3.2 单因素实验结果与分析12 3.3 单因素实验结论16 3.4正交结果与分析17 3.5 分离提纯实验结果18 3.6 液相色谱分析19 4 总结与展望20 4.1 总结20 4.2 展望20 致 谢21 参考文献22 摘要:本文首先对料液比、超声时间、超声温度、超声功率、提取剂种类及乙醇浓度等因素对提取的影响进行了考察,确定料液比、超声时间及超声温度为重要影响因素。在此基础上,用正交设计进行提取工艺条件优化,结果表明,在超声辅助下,柠檬苦素提取的最佳工艺条件为:超声温度为30℃,超声时间为30min,料液比为1:70。同时进行了分离提纯研究,经测定柠檬苦素的纯度为84.94%。 关键词:柠檬苦素;超声;提取;工艺优化;正交 Optimization of Ultrasound-assisted Extraction of Limonin in Orange Nuclear by the Orthogonal Design Abstract: In order to determine the effects of extraction, we first examined the solid-liquid ratio,ultrasonic time,ultrasonic temperature, ultrasonic power, extraction agents types and ethanol concentration in this paper, and finally determined that solid-liquid ratio, ultrasonic time and ultrasonic temperature were the most important factors. On this basis, we optimized extraction process conditions by the orthogonal design. The result showed that the optimum conditions for the extraction conditions under the assistance of the ultrasonic are as follows: ultrasonic temperature of 30℃, ultrasonic time of 30min, solid-liquid ratio of 1:70.At the same time, we also studied the separation purification, and determined the purity of limonin is 84.94%. Key words: Limonin;Ultrasound;Extraction;Optimization;Orthogonal design

  • 用苯甲酰化氯法拉滨中间体和甲醇合成氯法拉滨

    摘 要 在过去10年中儿童无反应或复发性ALL的治疗一直处于一个平台期,大部分复发的儿童预后仍不佳,因而我们仍需要继续开发新而有效的治疗药物。氯法拉滨为这些患儿带来了希望,同时氯法拉滨在复发或抵抗性急性髓细胞性白血病患儿中也显示希望。 本实验用苯甲酰化氯法拉滨中间体和甲醇合成氯法拉滨,对反应条件进行优化,探索不同温度及催化剂投入量大小对产品收率、纯度以及反应时间的影响。经过多组实验论证,总结出最适的反应条件及优化的实验步骤,通过结构分析,确认产物为氯法拉滨。 关键词 氯法拉滨 甲醇 绝对无水甲醇 检测 Abstract In the past 10 year’s children in non-response or relapse of ALL treatment has been in a period of a platform, most of the children recurrence prognosis is still poor, so we still need to continue to develop new and effective treatments. Clofarabine for these children has brought hope and clofarabine in the resistance or recurrence of acute myeloid leukemia patients in the hope that the show also. Benzoyl use of clofarabine intermediates and methanol synthesis clofarabine satisfied that the conditions to optimize and explore different temperature catalyst volume and size of the yield, purity and the reaction time of impact. After experimental demonstration group, summed up the optimum conditions for the release should be optimized and the experimental steps. Compared with the past, product quality, yield and reaction time have a significant improvement . Key words clofarabine methanol sodium anhydrous methanol detection 目 录 文献综述 1.1氯法拉滨的研发背景……………………………………………………1 1.2氯法拉滨的国内外生产状况……………………………………………1 1.3氯法拉滨的理化性质……………………………………………………1 1.4氯法拉滨的作用机制……………………………………………………2 1.5氯法拉滨的药效学………………………………………………………3 1.6氯法拉滨的药动学………………………………………………………4 1.7氯法拉滨的临床研究……………………………………………………4 1.7.1单用……………………………………………………………………5 1.7.2联合治疗………………………………………………………………6 1.8氯法拉滨与其他药物的相互作用 ……………………………………6 1.9氯法拉滨的不良反应 …………………………………………………6 1.10氯法拉滨的开发前景 …………………………………………………7 实验部分 2.1确定目标化物……………………………………………………………8 2.2设计合成路线……………………………………………………………9 2.3氯法拉滨的制备工艺研究………………………………………………12 2.3.1化学反应式及反映条件………………………………………………12 2.3.2实验仪器、试剂………………………………………………………12 2.3.3合成工艺的研究………………………………………………………13 2.4温度对制备工艺的影响…………………………………………………14 2.5催化剂投入量对制备工艺的影响………………………………………15 2.6氯法拉滨的纯化…………………………………………………………17 产品分析 3.1红外吸收光谱……………………………………………………………18 3.2紫外吸收光谱……………………………………………………………20 3.3质谱………………………………………………………………………21 3.4综合分析…………………………………………………………………22 结论 4.1合成路线…………………………………………………………………23 4.2合成步骤…………………………………………………………………23 致谢 ……………………………………………………………………………………24 参考文献………………………………………………………………………………25

  • N-α,β-不饱和酰基酰亚胺类化合物的合成研究

    目 录 中文摘要……………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ 英文摘要……………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ 目录…………………………………………………………………………………Ⅲ 1. 绪论………………………………………………………………………………1 1.1酰亚胺类化合物的生物活性……………………………………………1 1.2 N-α,β-不饱和酰基酰亚胺类化合物的合成………………………2 1.3研究思路…………………………………………………………………3 1.4本章小结…………………………………………………………………4 2. 实验部分…………………………………………………………………………4 2.1仪器和试剂………………………………………………………………4 2.2巴豆酰氯的制备…………………………………………………………4 2.3肉桂酰氯的制备…………………………………………………………5 2.4间硝基苯甲醛的制备……………………………………………………5 2.5间硝基肉桂酸的制备……………………………………………………5 2.6间硝基肉桂酰氯的制备…………………………………………………6 2.7对硝基苯甲醛的制备……………………………………………………6 2.8对硝基肉桂酸的制备……………………………………………………6 2.9对硝基肉桂酰氯的制备…………………………………………………7 2.10 1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([bmim]BF4)的制备………………7 2.11 1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([bmim]PF6)的制备………………7 2.12 N-((E)-2′-丁烯酰基)-2,5-吡咯烷二酮(1a )的制备………7 2.13 N-((E)-2′-丁烯酰基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺(1b)的制备…………8 2.14 N-((E)-2′-己烯酰基)-2,5-吡咯烷二酮(1c )的制备…………9 2.15 N-((E)-2′-己烯酰基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺(1d)的制备…………9 2.16 N-肉桂酰基-2,5-吡咯烷二酮(1e)的制备……………………………10 2.17 N-肉桂酰基邻苯二甲酰亚胺(1f)的制备……………………………10 2.18 N-间硝基肉桂酰基-2,5-吡咯烷二酮(1g)的制备……………………11 2.19 N-间硝基肉桂酰基邻苯二甲酰亚胺(1h)的制备…………………11 2.20 N-对硝基肉桂酰基邻苯二甲酰亚胺(1i)的制备…………………12 2.21本章小结………………………………………………………………12 3. 结果与讨论………………………………………………………………………12 3.1几种方法的分析和比较…………………………………………………12 3.2α, β-不饱和酰氯的制备………………………………………………14 3.3 N-酰化反应………………………………………………………………14 3.4本章小结…………………………………………………………………18 4. 总结与展望…………………………………………………………………………………18 致谢…………………………………………………………………………………19 参考文献……………………………………………………………………………20 摘要:N-α,β-不饱和酰基酰亚胺类化合物的元素组成与生物体中许多成分的元素组成相同,具有一定的生理活性,可作为植物生长调节剂、杀虫剂、镇静剂及催眠药等。同时由于具有不饱和键,可以起多种有机合成反应,在生物和医药方面具有广泛的应用,因此研究其合成方法具有理论及现实的意义。本文在研究现有的合成方法的基础上,设计了一种新的N-酰化方法,主要以不饱和酰氯和酰亚胺化合物与氢化钠作用下生成的酰亚胺基钠反应以实现N-酰化生成目标产物,共合成了9种该类化合物并进行了结构表征。同时讨论了在分子溶剂和离子液体中,超声波作用下对反应的影响,结果表明,离子液体能明显地促进反应,缩短了反应时间,提高了产率。 关键词:N-α,β-不饱和酰基酰亚胺;合成;方法 Studies on the Synthesis of (E)-N-Functionalized Acrloyl-2,5-pyrrol- idinedione Abstract:(E)-N-functionalized acryloyl -2,5-pyrrol- idinedione (FAPDs) have physibiological and pharmacological activities and are the important intermediate for preparing medicines and pesticides, so there are practical and academic merits in synthesis of FAPDs. We prepared FAPDs by a novel method, using carboxylic acid chlorides, as an acylating agent, with succinimide or phthalimide in the presence of hydride sodium and then investigated the influence of different solvents on the key procedure-N-acylation reaction and found ionic liquids were the best solvents. Nine FAPDs including the alkyl and aryl substituted were prepared. Keywords: (E)-N-functionalized acryloyl -2,5-pyrrol- idinedione, systhesis , method

  • 蚕沙卟啉铜钠盐提取实验研究

    目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目录III 1 绪论1 1.1 蚕沙简介1 1.2卟啉及金属卟啉简介2 1.3课题研究意义7 2 试验部分8 2.1试验所需药品和仪器列表8 2.2实验原理及工艺流程图8 2.3蚕沙中叶绿素提取工艺条件10 2.4叶绿素制取卟啉铜钠盐的实验12 2.5 分析检测方法13 3 结果与讨论14 3.1蚕沙中叶绿素含量测定结果14 3.2微波提取法与溶剂提取法的对比试验14 3.3蚕沙中叶绿素提取试验15 3.4叶绿素制取卟啉铜钠盐的试验20 4 总结与展望26 致 谢27 参考文献28 摘 要:植桑养蚕是我国一些地区的传统产业,在养蚕过程年产近百万吨的蚕沙。为了合理利用蚕沙资源,本课题主要研究了制备叶绿素铜钠盐的新工艺,并优化了工艺条件,以指导工业生产。首先对原料蚕沙进行叶绿素提取率的测定,并将微波提取法与普通溶剂提取法进行比较。结论证明,微波提取法的提取率要比普通溶剂提取法的提取率高出一倍。其次考察了预处理过程中微波辐射时间、溶剂用量、溶剂与物料比例等因素的影响,确定初步的蚕沙萃取工艺条件,并优化相关的工艺条件。在试验范围内所得的数据表明:在微波辐射时间90s、破壁剂浓度40%、破壁助剂用量1:2(V[ml]:W[g]) 、提取温度60min的条件下,提取效果最佳。最后,研究了所提取的叶绿素溶液皂化条件,并摸索了叶绿素铜钠盐的制取条件。发现分离操作中,温度40℃、皂化60min效果明显,在酸性pH值为2.4的条件下铜代的60min效果较好,得到的产品品质也好。 关键词:蚕沙;微波辅助萃取;金属卟啉 Research on porphyrin-Copper-Sodium separate from silkworm Abstract: For rationally utilizing silkworm faeces,it was primarily researched in this article on the new processing of preparing sodium copper chlorophyllin from silk worm and the optimal processing faeces to coaching industry production. Firstly,some work has been done on the chlorophyll extraction rate from silkworm with two different method.The conclusion proves that the extraction rate of microwave assistant extacrtion is two times than the conventional one.In this study,the influence factors were studied including irradiated time,volume of solvent,co-agent proportion etc. during the microwave pretreatment procedure.And by these investigations,tussah extracted condition was determined and optimiezd. The results indicated best that under the following conditions:irradiaetd time 90s,the concentration of cell wall crack agent 40%,the ratio of material and cell wall crack agent is 1:2(V[ml]:W[g]),extracted temperature 60℃.Lastly,the operating conditions were found for chlorophyll solvent separation and chlorophyllin-copper-sodium preparation. The excellent Saponification effect can be obtained under the following parameters:tempeartuer 40 saponated time 60min; Under the acidity condition,the yieldis higher after 60 min copper exchanged reaction. Keywords:silkworm;microwave assistant extraction; metalloporphyrin

  • 苯酚羟化制苯二酚

    摘 要 采用共沉淀法合成了铜镁铝不同摩尔投料比的三元类水滑石前体(Cu/Mg/Al摩尔比分别为5:1:2;3:1:4/3;1:1:1;1:3:4/3;1:5:2),在制备水滑石的过程中使用了微波技术进行晶化。用XRD、FT-IR、SEM对样品进行了表征,结果表明,Cu-Mg-Al摩尔比在这五种情况下都形成了结构良好的水滑石,且Cu的含量越高,水滑石前体结晶度越好。用微波插入法对制得的水滑石前体进行离子交换插层(插入的酸根为钼酸根离子、钨酸根离子、偏钒酸根离子),XRD结果表明,三元水滑石的插层没有成功,但水滑石自身的颜色发生了变化表明,酸根负载在水滑石表面,也起到了催化作用,偏钒酸根离子催化效果最好,钼酸根有利于对苯二酚的生成,从而增加反应的选择性。 关键词:类水滑石化合物 制备 表征 微波 离子交换 Synthesis and characterization of hydrotalcites as catalysts for the hydroxylation of phenol Abstract Cu/Mg/Al hydrotalcite-like compounds with different Cu/Mg/Al molar ratios (5:1:2;3:1:4/3;1:1:1;1:3:4/3;1:5:2)were synthesized by the co-precipitation method and then they were submitted to the microwave radiation in order to improve the crystallinity and minimize the particle size of the solids. The synthesized compounds were characterized by XRD、IR and SEM. The results showed that the structure of hydrotalcite-like compounds were more integrated with the increasing of the content of Cu. Microwave was used to intercalate anions(WO42+、MoO42+ and VO32+ )into the inner layer, the XRD showed that the intercalations were not succeed ,but from the colour of the intercalated samples ,we suggest that the anions may loaded on the surface of the hydrotalcite-like compounds. From the catalysis test results , hydrotalcite-like compounds loaded with VO32+ have good catalytic activity, but with WO42+and MoO42+,the catalytic activity reduced. Key words: Hydrotalcite-like compounds; Synthesis ; Characterization ; Microwave; Anion intercalate 目录 摘 要2 Abstract3 1.文献综述6 1.1邻、对苯二酚的物化性质6 1.2邻苯二酚、对苯二酚的工业应用7 1.2.1农药7 1.2.2医药7 1.2.3香料8 1.2.4摄影8 1.2.5橡胶、染料、颜料和塑料8 1.2.6 抗氧剂及阻聚剂8 1.2.7 胶粘剂8 1.2.8其他8 1.3邻、对苯二酚的合成方法及技术进展8 1.3.1合成方法8 1.3.2技术进展12 1.4苯酚羟化的催化剂13 1.4.1分子筛类13 1.4.2杂多化合物13 1.4.3金属氧化物13 1.4.4水滑石类13 1.5水滑石类催化剂14 1.5.1简介14 1.5.2水滑石的组成与结构特征14 1.5.3水滑石类化合物的主要性质15 1.5.4柱撑水滑石的合成方法16 1.5.5水滑石的常用表征方法18 1.6论文的选题和意义18 2.实验部分:19 2.1仪器与试剂19 2.1.1仪器19 2.1.2药品19 2.2催化剂的制备19 2.2.1催化剂前体制备:19 2.2.2钼酸根离子负载20 2.2.3偏钒酸根离子负载20 2.2.4钨酸根离子负载21 2.3 苯酚羟化21 3 结果与讨论21 3.1水滑石前体的制备参数及结构21 3.1.1 XRD21 3.1.2 FT-IR22 3.2负载水滑石的制备参数及结构23 3.2.1 偏钒酸根负载水滑石结构表征23 3.2.2 钨酸根负载水滑石结构表征24 3.2.3 钼酸根负载水滑石结构表征25 3.3 水滑石催化活性评价26 3.3.1 水滑石前体活性评价26 3.3.2 偏钒酸根负载类水滑石催化剂活性评价27 3.3.3 钨酸根负载类水滑石催化剂活性评价27 3.3.4 钼酸根负载类水滑石催化剂活性评价28 致 谢29 参考文献30

  • 太阳能电池敏化染料的合成

    目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目录III 1. 绪论1 1.1太阳能电池基本概念1 1.2 DSSC的结构和基本原理3 1.3燃料敏化剂的发展5 1.4联吡啶钌化合物8 1.5两亲染料10 1.6论文的研究内容和目标11 2. 实验部分13 2.1实验装置13 2.2实验试剂与原料13 2.3实验测定方法13 3. 结果与讨论15 3.1 实验结果数据15 3.2 不同温度对双亲染料合成的影响16 3.3 实验讨论17 4.总结与展望19 致谢20 参考文献21 摘 要:自18世纪以来人类对能源的需求飞速增长,由此引发的能源危机和环境污染成为了首要问题。太阳能是一种廉价无污染的新兴能源,利用和转换太阳能是解决世界范围内的能源危机和环境污染的一条重要途径。太阳能电池的工作效率高低则由太阳能染料敏化剂决定,于是一种稳定性高,光电转换效率好的敏化剂成为衡量一种太阳能电池好坏的直接标准,研究出一种高效率敏化剂则解决能源危机的关键。 本文介绍了太阳能电池敏化剂中的两亲染料合成过程过程,通过实验寻找出如何提高产品的产率、纯度来提高太阳能电池敏化剂的稳定性、光电转换效率,减少暗电子转移,提高太阳能电池的工作效率。 关键词: 染料敏化;太阳电池;敏化剂 Dye-sensitized Solar Cells Synthesis Abstract: Since the 18th century mankind since the rapid growth in energy demand, which caused the energy crisis and environmental pollution as a priority issue. Solar is a new low-cost non-polluting energy, and conversion of solar energy is used worldwide to solve the energy crisis and environmental pollution in one important way. The efficiency of solar cells by the level of dye-sensitized solar decision, therefore a high stability, photoelectric conversion efficiency of the sensitivity of a good measure of the quality of a solar cells directly standards, developed a High-efficiency of the agent is the key to solve the energy crisis. In this paper, solar-agent in the course of two pro-dye process, through experiments to find out how to improve product yield and purity of solar cells to improve the stability of sensitization, photoelectric conversion efficiency and reduce dark electronic Transfer, improving the efficiency of solar cells. Key words: Dye-sensitized, Solar cells, Sensitizer

  • 正交试验超声优化茯苓多糖提取工艺

    目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目录III 1. 绪论1 1.1 茯苓的概述1 1.2 茯苓多糖的概述2 1.3 茯苓多糖衍生物的作用4 1.4 超声波的基本作用原理及在提取生物活性物中的作用5 1.5 稀碱浸提法6 1.6研究思路7 2. 实验部分8 2.1 实验原料、试剂及试验仪器8 2.2 实验原理8 2.3 实验方法9 3. 结果与讨论12 3.1 波长的选择12 3.2 标准曲线的制作12 3.3 换算因子的确定13 3.4 单因素分析13 3.5 提取工艺正交优化实验17 3.6 茯苓多糖的红外光谱分析19 4. 总结与展望21 4.1结论21 4.2存在的问题22 4.3展望22 致谢23 参考文献24 摘 要:在单因素实验的基础上利用正交实验设计考察碱法提取过程中碱浓度、提取时间、料液比对茯苓多糖提取率的影响,确定最佳提取工艺条件为 : NaOH浓度 0. 75mo l /L ,时间2min ,料液比 1∶40。在此工艺条件下茯苓多糖的提取率高达86%。 关键词:茯苓多糖;超声波;提取;正交试验 Study on the Extraction Technology of Poria cocos Polysaccharide under Ultrasound by Orthogonal Design Abstract: With the assistance of ultrasound, the polysaccharide from Poria cocos wolf was extracted using NaOHaq. The influence of extraction conditions including extraction time, ratio of raw materials and NaOHaq(V), concentration of media were studied. Then the optimization of conditions of extraction by the orthogonal design was investigated, it was found that the optimum conditions were NaOH 0.75mol/L, extraction time 2min, materials/solution1:40. Under the best condition, the extraction ratio of polysaccharide from Poria cocos wolf was as high as 86%. Key words: Poria cocos polysaccharide ; ultrasonic wave ; extraction ; orthogonal test

  • 500ta四乙酰乙二胺中试工艺设计

    目录 中文摘要I 英文摘要П 目录III 500t/a四乙酰乙二胺中试工艺设计1 1 总论1 1.1 概述1 1.2 文献综述1 1.3 设计依据5 1.4 原料规格5 1.5 贮运情况6 2 生产流程的确定7 2.1 各种工艺路线的比较7 2.2 本工艺流程简介8 3 生产流程简述10 3.1 DAED合成工段10 3.2 TAED合成工段10 3.3 脱色结晶工段11 4 工艺计算书12 4.1 物料衡算部分12 4.2 能量衡算部分22 5 主要设备的工艺计算和选型27 5.1 DAED工段主要设备选型27 5.2 TAED工段主要设备选型28 5.3 脱色结晶工段29 6 原材料、动力消耗定额及消耗量31 7 车间投资概算32 8 总投资概算33 9 环境保护与安全保护34 9.1 环保措施34 9.2 安全问题及保护措施34 10 总结与展望37 致谢38 参考文献39 摘 要:本文以文献资料和小试实验数据为依据,结合某化工股份有限公司的工艺改革要求,进行了年产量为500吨的四乙酰乙二胺中试工艺设计。通过分析、比较查阅到的各种原有工艺,选择了最佳工艺流程。针对所选定的工艺流程进行了物料衡算和能量衡算;对主要设备进行了设备选型与计算;对车间成本进行了初步估算。 关键词:四乙酰乙二胺(TAED);工艺设计;物料衡算;能量衡算 Technical design of a 500 ton/a. scale pilotplant for TAED Abstract: In this paper, the design on pilot-technology is based on literatures and dates of lab trail; with a Chemicals Co., Ltd. reform requirement. Through analysis, compared to the inspection of the original process, selected a most appropriate process, and did mass and energy balances for whole equipments. At the same time, calculate and selected the major equipment for the chosen process. Estimate for cost of the workplace. Key Words:Tetraacetylethylenediamine(TAED); Process Design; Material Balance; Energy Balance

  • 电助固相微萃取吸附苯酚、硝基苯的研究

    目 录 中文摘要 Ⅰ 英文摘要..Ⅱ 目录..Ⅲ 1. 绪论 .. .1 1.1水中有机污染物前处理方法的研究1 1.2固相微萃取技术.2 1.3固相微萃取技术条件的选择..4 1.4 固相微萃取技术的应用.5 1.5国外固相微萃取技术的研究状况.6 1.6固相微萃取技术的优势7 2. 实验部分.7 2.1主要试剂、材料、仪器7 2.2实验方法与步骤.8 3. 结果与讨论.10 3.1不同电压、吸附时间对石英纤维吸附苯酚的影响10 3.2.不同电压、吸附时间对石英纤维吸附硝基苯的影响12 3.3石英纤维对苯酚的吸附实验.13 3.4石英纤维对硝基苯的吸附实验14 3.5不同电解质浓度和吸附时间下石英纤维对硝基苯的吸附量15 4. 实验总结16 4.1实验结论..16 4.2存在的不足与建议17 致谢.. 18 5. 参考文献19 摘要:本论文采用固相微萃取(SPME)—气象色谱法考查利用固相微萃取装置(石英纤维)吸附水中有机污染物(苯酚、硝基苯)的能力,讨论吸附时间、电压以及电解质等不同参数对吸附的影响。实验结果表明,不同取代基的苯衍生物,电吸附改变量也不同。在正极化作用下,石英纤维对苯酚的吸附效果更好。而正负极化对硝基苯的吸附没有很大的影响。在加入硫酸钠电解质后,苯酚、硝基苯的吸附量和吸附效率都有大幅度的增加。因此,利用这种方法,可以降低吸附工艺成本,使吸附处理更加经济有效。 关键词:固相微萃取技术;气象色谱;电解质溶液对吸附的影响 The equipment of solid phase micro-extraction with voltage was used to absorb the phenol、nitrobenzene Abstract: In this artical, the equipment of solid phase micro—extraction was used to adsorb the organic contaminants in the water.. And the adsorb time、voltage、electrolyte solution were considered to discuss whether they got the influence to the adsorbtion. According to the results, the adsorbance of the different benzene derivatives were adsorbed differently. The phenol was adsorbed better under positive voltage, but the nitrobenzene didn’t get so much influenced whether under positive voltage or negative voltage. After added the sodium sulphate solution, the phenol and nitrobenzene were adsorbed much better. So, the equipment can be used in the chemical industry to decrease the adsorbtion cost. Keywords: the technology of solid phase micro—extraction; gas chromatography; the influence of the electrolyte solution

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