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  • 基于甲硫基乙酰胺的奈帕芬胺合成

    目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目录III 1. 绪论1 1.1 非甾体抗炎药的现状1 1.2 眼科常见的NSAIDS1 1.3 眼科应用NSAIDS的不良反应4 1.4 NSAIDS滴眼液导致角膜融解的可能机制4 1.5 研究开发新型的眼用NSAIDS5 2. 奈帕芬胺的化学合成9 2.1 Gassman反应介绍10 2.2 实验室奈帕芬胺的合成10 3. 实验部分11 3.1 实验仪器和试剂11 3.2 实验步骤12 4. 实验结果与讨论14 4.1 次氯酸叔丁酯的合成14 4.2 甲硫基乙酰胺的合成14 4.3 基于苯硫基乙酰胺合成奈帕芬胺15 5. 总结与展望17 致谢18 参考文献19 摘 要:非甾体抗炎药(NSAIDS)具有抗炎、抗过敏和止痛作用,且无皮质类固醇的不良反应,因此,其在眼科的应用日益受到重视。但是常用的几种非甾体抗炎药在使用过程中伴随着一定的副作用。为了减少不良反应的发生,寻求安全、有效的抗炎药物,近年来国内外学者对非甾体抗炎药的眼部应用进行了深入的研究,认为对其进行结构改造或制成前体药物是减少不良反应的有效途径。 奈帕芬胺是新一代的非甾体类抗炎药,主要用于治疗白内障手术相关性疼痛和炎症。经眼部给药后,可迅速穿过角膜,并在眼组织水解酶的作用下转化为氨芬酸,它能迅速到达靶位点发挥作用。本次论文的主要工作是基于甲硫基乙酰胺来合成奈帕芬胺,并在此基础上做工艺放大试验,研究其工艺放大过程中遇到的问题难点。经过多次的实验研究,我们发现:在次氯酸叔丁酯合成过程中,避光环境下,用液氮控温至零度,反应时间为5min时有最高产率;甲硫基乙酰胺的合成过程中,氯乙酰胺的滴加时间为20min时可以有效防止暴沸;奈帕芬胺的合成过程中,次氯酸叔丁酯的滴加时间为30min时有最高产率。 关键词:奈帕芬胺;非甾体抗炎药;甲硫基乙酰胺; Based on methylthio acetamide for synthesis of Nepafenac Abstract: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) anti-inflammatory, allergy and pain, and no steroids adverse reactions, therefore, its application in the eye of the growing importance. But several non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in use process with certain side-effects. In order to reduce adverse reaction, and seek safety and effective anti-inflammatory drugs, in recent years, domestic and foreign scholars of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug eye application research, think of its structure reform or precursor drug is the effective way to reduce adverse reactions. Nepafenac is a new generation of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used to treat cataract surgery, mainly between pain and inflammation. In the eye, drug can quickly through the cornea, and in the eyes of the hydrolysis enzyme organization under into fenway ammonia acid, it can quickly reach sites. This paper main job is to Nepafenac synthesis by methylthio acetamide, and on this basis, the scale expansion in the problems in the course of difficulty. After many experimental study,we found that in hypochlorite tert-butyl diazoacetate synthetic process,the most prolific rate is: to avoid light environment, use liquid temperature control to zero, the reaction time for 5 minutes; In the process of synthesis of ethyl amide linked armor, ethyl amide chlorine add 20 minutes can effectively prevent the critical boiling; In the process of synthesis of Nepafenac,defecate tert-butyl diazoacetate dropping time has the most prolific rate for 30min. Keywords: Nepafenac; Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; Methylthio acetamide

  • 环境污染物毒性的QSAR研究

    目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目录III 1. 绪论1 1.1 卤代化合物的毒性1 1.1.1 卤代化合物的环境影响分析1 1.1.2 取代基对化合物毒性的影响2 1.2 定量结构活性关系简介4 2. 实验部分13 2.1 多元线性逐步回归法构建数学模型13 2.2 神经网络法构建模型16 3. 结果与讨论18 4.总结与展望19 致谢20 参考文献21 摘 要:卤代芳烃类有机污染物在环境中分布广泛,对生态系统有极大的危害。在评价卤代芳烃类化合物在环境中的传播时,它的理化性质对于卤代多环芳烃类化合物的环境暴露评价、生态风险和人类健康评价,具有重要意义。定量结构-活性相关(即构效关系,简称QSAR)是建立有机物的活性(在环境化学中指化合物的毒性)与表征其结构特征的理化参数之间的相关性方程,通过测量或计算有机物的理化参数,可大体估算出有机物对生物的毒性。MATLAB中的神经网络工具箱是进行神经网络系统分析与设计的有力工具。RBF神经网络以其计算量小,学习速度快,不易陷入局部极小等诸多优点为系统辨识与建模提供了一种有效的手段。将二者结合起来,解决了卤代烷烃烯烃化合物的建模问题。建立多氯代烃类化合物的QSAR模型,可以预测氯代烃类化合物的性质,为研究多卤代烃类化合物的环境行为提供可借鉴的方法和手段,为此类化合物的生态风险评价提供数据基础,为进一步探讨分子的结构与性质之间的关系提供理论参考。 关键词:卤代烃类化合物;定量结构活性关系;RBF神经网络 QSAR for Acute Toxicity of Environmental Pollutants Abstract: The halogenated hydrocarbons distribute widely in the environment,and have huge harm to the environment and biogeocenose .Physicochemical properties of an organic chenmical compound play an important role in determining its distribution and fate in the environment.QSAR methods,are the most promising and successful tools to provide rapid and useful meaning for predicting the biological toxicities of organic compounds by use various kinds of molecular descriptors.The goals of QSAR is to develop models on a training set of compounds,these models will then allow for the prediction of the biological activity of related chemicals. This kind of study can not only develop a method for the prediction of the property of compounds,thus gain some insight into instrutural factors affecting molecular propertise.Neural network system toolbox is a powerful tool for analysis and design in MATLAB. RBF neural network has many advantages:small amount of calculation,learn fast, and so on. By conbining the two together,the modelling of halogenated hydrocarbons is resolved and achieved satisfactory results.QSAR will give a useful method to study its distribution and fate in the environment,at the same time,QSAR afford the date of physicochemical properties of an organic chemicl compound. Keywords:halogenated hydrocarbons; Quantitative Structure-activity Relationship (QSAR); RBF neural network

  • 水-二甲亚砜、二甲亚砜-醋酸体系汽液平衡模型参数的拟合

    目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目录III 1. 绪论1 1.1醋酸的性质1 1.2二甲亚砜的性质1 1.3本文研究的背景及意义1 2. 实验部分3 2.1实验试剂3 2.2实验方法3 2.3分析方法4 2.4 Rose釜校正4 2.5实验数据采集(水-醋酸、水-二甲亚砜、醋酸-二甲亚砜)4 3. 实验数据处理及讨论7 3.1热力学一致性检验7 3.2实验数据的关联8 4. 蚁群算法16 4.1基本蚁群算法的计算原理16 4.2蚁群算法的改进17 4.3蚁群算法在化工领域的运用18 4.4蚁群算法的程序18 4.总结与展望24 致谢25 参考文献26 摘要:折光仪分析水-二甲亚砜、二甲亚砜-醋酸溶液平衡组成偏差大,换用气相色谱分析,用改进的Rose汽液平衡釜,测定101.33kPa下水-二甲亚砜、二甲亚砜-醋酸的汽液平衡数据,并进行了热力学一致性检验。 汽液平衡活度系数模型多为非线性模型,参数回归难度大。过去用Fortr- an、C、BASIC语言编写程序,但程序繁琐且易出错。近年,功能强大的MATLAB语言开始在工程计算中应用,MATLAB语言编程容易,代码短小高效,作者首次采用MATLAB语言编写Van Laar、Wilson 、NRTL和6次多项式的模型参数回归程序。最后,蚁群算法是一种新兴的智能算法,文中对该算法拟合活度系数模型参数,也做了一些摸索工作。 结果表明,气相色谱分析准确,用 MATLAB工具箱函数回归非线性活度系数模型参数,方法简单可靠,四个模型均能较好关联该体系的汽液相平衡数据可为二甲亚砜回收提纯及醋酸萃取精馏工艺开发与设计提供基础数据。 关键词: 汽液平衡;二甲亚砜;蚁群算法;醋酸;MATLAB Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium For Water -Dimethyl Sulfoxide and Dimethyl Sulfoxide -Acetic Acid System Model Parameter Fitting Abstract: The deviation using refractometer to analyse the balance composition of dimethyl sulfoxide aqueous solution is big, exchange for with gas chromatography. The phase composit- ion of isobaric vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data for water +dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl sulfoxide + acetic acid system was measured at 101.33kPa by using an improved Rose still, and the thermodynamic consistency of the experimental VLE data was satisfactory Most of the activity coefficient model of VLE is the misalignment model, and the regressi- on of parameter is very difficult. In the past, we also used the Fortran,C and BASIC language to compilation the program, but the procedure was cumbersome and error-prone. Recent years,the powerful capabilities of MATLAB language started to apply in the calculation of engineering, MATLAB programming was easy, also the code was short and highly effective. Author used the MATLAB language to compile the model parameter regression procedures of Van Laar, Wilson, NRTL and 6 polynomials for the first time. Finally, the ant algorithm is a new and intelligent al -gorithm. In article, fitting parameters model of activity coefficient used by this algorithm, also done some exploration work. The results showed that the analysis of gas chromatography was accurate, misalignment re- gression activity coefficient model parameter with the MATLAB toolbox function, The method simple and reliable, Four models can better be connected this system the vapor-liquid equilibri- um data, the obtained data could provide a basal data for the dimethyl sulfoxide’s purification, as well as for the design of the acetic acid’s extraction and rectification. Key words: Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium;dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO); Ant group algorithm;Acetic Acid;MATLAB

  • 阻燃环氧灌封料的合成

    摘 要 本文主要研究的是阻燃环氧灌封料的合成问题。通过添加填料结晶硅微粉使灌封料具有一定的阻燃能力,再利用互穿聚合物网络、蒙脱土对环氧树脂进行了改性研究,并将改性后的环氧树脂应用到环氧灌封料中,解决了环氧灌封料脆性大、易开裂等问题。实验结果表明结晶硅微粉有良好的阻燃性,能很大程度上提高灌封料的阻燃能力,环氧树脂与有机蒙脱土的相容性良好;力学性能、耐热性能都有不同程度的提高和改善。 最后,利用改性后的环氧树脂制备出新型阻燃环氧树脂灌封材料,并对其主要指标进行了研究。结果表明,韧性和耐候性得到了明显的改善;并将新型灌封材料应用于汽车点火线圈上,取得了非常好的效果。 关键词:环氧树脂,阻燃,灌封材料,互穿聚合物网络,蒙脱土,纳米复合材料 Flame-retardant epoxy potting compound Synthesis Abstract This article is the study of epoxy resin modified, in the use of IPN, montmorillonite modified epoxy resin, the application of the epoxy to epoxy potting compound, the solution Brittle epoxy potting material, easy to crack, and other issues. First of all IPN on a modified epoxy resin, followed by use of MMT and epoxy resin organic integration, adding microsilica filled, the last to join the promotion of and thinner. The results showed that the epoxy resin and the compatibility of montmorillonite good mechanical properties, heat resistance have different levels of advancement and improvement. Finally, the use of modified after the preparation of a new type of epoxy resin epoxy potting material, and its main targets were studied. The results show that toughness and weatherability has been significantly improved; encapsulating materials used and new car ignition coil, achieved very good results. Key words: epoxy resin, potting materials, IPN, montmorillonite, nanocomposites 目 录 摘 要I AbstractII 第一章 文献综述1 1.1 概述1 1.2 环氧树脂的灌封和灌封材料1 1.2.1 环氧灌封材料的用途、分类及技术要求1 1.2.2 环氧灌封材料的主要组分及作用3 1.2.3 灌封工艺5 1.2.4 研究现状及发展趋势6 1.3 环氧树脂的改性方法6 1.3.1 形成互穿网络聚合物(IPN)增韧改性方法6 1.3.2 热致性液晶聚合物增韧改性方法8 1.3.3 核壳结构聚合物增韧环氧树脂8 1.3.4 刚性粒子增韧环氧树脂9 1.3.5 纳米粒子增韧环氧树脂9 1.3.6 树枝形分子增韧改性环氧树脂9 1.4 无机纳米材料改性聚合物机理及其应用10 1.4.1 插层复合法制备聚合物10 1.4.2 蒙脱土的特性12 1.4.3 聚合物/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的结构与性能12 1.5 本论文的主要工作14 第二章 实验部分15 2.1实验药品15 2.2 实验仪器15 2.3 实验装置16 2.4 实验步骤16 2.5 产品表征16 2.5.1 红外光谱(FTIR)分析16 2.5.2 力学性能测试16 2.5.3 SEM检测16 2.5.4 TEM检测17 2.5.5 TGA检测17 2.5.6 XRD检测17 2.5.7 材料性能测试17 第三章 结果讨论18 3.1 聚氨脂预聚体的合成18 3.2 互穿聚合物网络的形成19 3.3 力学性能20 3.4 微观形态21 3.5 耐热性能22 3.6 XRD分析22 3.7 TEM分析23 3.8 SEM分析23 3.9 力学性能分析24 3.10 TGA分析24 3.11 填料对材料体积电阻率的影响25 3.12 填料对线膨胀系数的影响25 3.13 吸水率的探讨26 3.14 黏度的影响26 3.15 耐高低温实验27 第四章 结 论28 致 谢29 参 考 文 献30

  • 有机金属醇盐的合成及应用研究

    目 录 中文摘要Ⅰ 英文摘要Ⅱ 目 录III 1 绪论1 1.1 选题背景及其意义1 1.2 单金属醇盐的合成方法2 1.3 双金属醇盐的合成方法研究5 2实验部分8 2.1 实验试剂和仪器8 2.2 实验装置图9 2.3 单金属醇盐的合成9 2.4 Ti、Sr双金属醇盐的合成10 2.5 乙醇锶钴的合成13 3 结果与讨论14 3.1 检测结果分析14 3.2 表征结果讨论18 3.3 实验过程中的问题的讨论18 3.4 混合物中金属醇盐的分离19 3.5 反应温度对丙三醇钠的产率的影响19 3.6 碱性环境的获取20 4 总结与展望22 4.1 总结22 4.2 展望22 致 谢23 参考文献24 摘 要:本论文合成了几种单金属醇盐和双金属醇盐。对于单金属醇盐,设计实验利用通氨气提供的碱性环境,使乙醇和氯化锶反应生成乙醇锶;对于双金属醇盐,设计实验由丙三醇作为基本原料合成丙三醇乙醚,将四氯化钛与氯化锶在有机溶剂中混合,然后在氨气提供的碱性环境下滴加丙三醇乙醚来合成含有醚键的钛、锶双金属醇盐。并使用沸点较高的二甲苯作为溶剂以加快反应速率。对产物进行红外表征,在乙醇锶的红外光谱中发现在673.03cm-1出现了一个很强的吸收峰,根据文献可知其为Sr-O的特征吸收峰;在双金属醇盐中发现在693.71cm-1和536.53 cm-1处有两个较强的吸收峰,由文献可知他们为Ti-O键和Sr-O键的伸缩振动吸收峰。 关键词:金属醇盐、铁电材料、丙三醇。 Study on Synthesis and characterize of organic metal alkoxides Abstract: Several single metal alkoxides and double metal alkoxides are synthesized in this paper. For single metal alkoxides, the reaction between ethanol and strontium chloride under the alkaline environment by providing ammonia gas, producing strontium ethanol; for double metal alkoxides, the synthesis process of the double metal alkoxides as follows: glycerol as the basic raw material to produce glycerol ether first, and then mixed titanium tetrachloride and strontium chloride together in an organic solvent under alkaline environment by providing ammonia gas, at last, dropping glycerol ether into the mixture to produce the target product. The reaction rate is accelerated by using high boiling point solvents xylene as organic solvent. The product is characterized by IR spectrum and a strong absorption peak was found at 673.03 cm-1 which is the characteristic absorption peak of Sr-O bond according to the literature; and two strong absorption peaks are found at 693.71 cm-1 and 536.53 cm-1, they are the characteristic absorption peak of Sr-O bond and Ti-O bond respectively。 Key words: Metal alkoxides ; Ferroelectric materials; Glycerol.

  • 食品中多氯联苯的安全评估测定

    目录 中文摘要........................................................ I 英文摘要........................................................II 目 录........................................................ III 1 绪论........................................................ .1 1.1 PCBs的定义、结构和性质................................ .1 1.2 食品中多氯联苯的来源.................................... 4 1.3 PCBs的毒性 .............................................6 1.4 多氯联苯污染土壤的微生物.................................8 1.5 多氯联苯的降解方法................................... ...10 2 实验部分.......................................................11 2.1 研究的主要内容......................................... ...11 2.2 材料.................................................... ..11 2.3 方法.................................................. ....12 2.4 结果与分析.................................................13 4 讨论与展望................................................. ....16 4.1 讨论......................................................16 4.2 展望................................................ ......18 致 谢.......................................................... ..20 参考文献........................................................21 摘要:多氯联苯是一种全球性毒性污染物,由于多氯联苯的理化性质稳定,非常难以降解(其半衰期长达40年左右),加上其长期积累以及其中某些异构体和同族体高度的生物富集性和毒性,PCBs已造成了全球性的污染。现已证明PCBs对皮肤、肝脏、胃肠系统、神经系统、生殖系统、免疫系统的病变甚至癌变都有诱导效应。根据资料,发现很多学者对多氯联苯的动物性实验已经做了很充足的研究,在对多氯联苯的微生物实验进行的很少。因此,决定研究观察多氯联苯对微生物生长是否有影响。观察不同浓度的PCB105,PCB118,PCB157和PCB169对细菌的抑制性能的影响,将含有一定量多氯联苯的纸片,平贴在已经接种被测细菌的琼脂培养基上,将平皿置于37℃下培养48小时后观察结果。结果说明了多氯联苯对细菌的生长是有抑制作用的,但是这种抑制作用并不是很明显。其中80ppb的PCB169对细菌的抑制作用较其他几种来说影响比较大。因此,PCBs不能很好的抑制细菌的生长,而且可以在细菌中滞留,危害人体的健康。 关键词: 多氯联苯;安全;评估;测定;毒性; 结构; 来源;细菌 Study of PCBs safety eva luation in food Abstract: Polychlorinated Biphenyls is a global toxic pollutants, As the stability of physical and chemical properties of PCBs, Is very difficult to degrade(Its half-life of about 40 years), Coupled with its long-term accumulation as well as some of the isomers and congeners with a high degree of bio-accumulation and toxicity, Has resulted in a global pollution. Has proven to PCBs on the skin, liver, gastrointestinal system, nervous system, reproductive system, immune system diseases and even cancer are in maize. According to the information, Many scholars of the PCBs found in animal experiments have been done ample research, PCBs in the experiment of small micro-organisms. Therefore, Decided to study whether the observed impact of PCBs on the microbial growth. Observation of PCBs in the PCB105, PCB118, PCB157 and PCB169 on the inhibition properties of bacteria, PCB containing a certain amount of paper, Flat stick has been tested bacteria inoculated agar medium, The plate at 37 ℃ for 48 hours under observation. Results suggest that PCBs have on the growth of bacteria inhibition, But this inhibition is not very clear. In the four PCBs , 80ppb of PCB169 on the inhibitory effects of several other bacteria is the greatest impact. Therefore,PCBs are not well inhibited the growth of bacteria,And can stay in bacteria, Harm to human health. Keywords: PCBs;safety; assessment; Determination; toxicity; Frame; Source; Bacterial

  • 均匀试验及其在药物研制优化设计中的应用

    目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目录III 1. 绪论1 1.1 试验设计概述1 1.2 常用试验设计方法5 1.3 试验结果的数据处理方法12 1.4 试验设计在科学研究中的地位与意义13 2. 均匀试验设计15 2.1 均匀试验设计的基本思想15 2.2 均匀试验设计的特点15 2.3 均匀试验设计表的构造16 2.4 均匀设计表的特点20 2.5 均匀设计表的使用21 2.6 均匀设计与正交设计的比较21 2.7 均匀设计的步骤22 2.8 均匀设计的数据处理22 3. 均匀设计的实际应用23 3.1 药物研制的试验条件的确定 24 3.2 设计试验方案24 3.3 数据处理25 4.结果与讨论28 5.总结与展望29 致谢30 参考文献31 附录33 摘要:基于均匀设计具有实验次数少,因素的水平也可以适当调整的特点,故它在寻找最佳实验条件、最佳配比等方面是选择优化条件的有力工具。均匀试验设计在药学研究上的应用十分广泛,主要应用于药物合成、药物分析、药剂组方和药理实验条件优化等方面上。本文对试验设计的方法进行了介绍,探讨了均匀设计的特点,均匀设计表的构造及其在药物研制中的应用。 目的是优化四君子汤提取的工艺条件。采用均匀设计法,以人参总皂甙和总多糖为指标,探讨了四君子汤的最佳提取工艺条件。优化结果表明以己醇浓度10﹪,溶剂用量为药材量的13倍,浸泡时间为14h,回流时间为2h为佳。得出的结论是均匀试验设计方法成功地实施了四君子汤提取方法的优选,简单易行, 符合生产实际。 关键词:均匀设计;正交设计;试验方案;药物研制 ;优化设计 Uniform design and its application in studying and optimizing new drugs Abstract: Uniform design has the characteristics of fewer experimental times, and the level of factors which can be appropriately adjusted, so it is a powerful tool for choosing optimal conditions, especially in looking for the best experimental conditions, the best chosen ratio and so on. Uniform Design had a wide range of applications in pharmaceutical research, mainly used in areas such as drug synthesis, drug analysis, the Pharmacy Group and the Optimization pharmacological experiments. The article introduces the method of experimental design and discusses the feature and application of uniform design on studying new drugs, as well as the designing of uniform design form. The objective is to optimize the extracting technology of Si junzi Decoction. The optimal extracting technology of Si junzi Decoction was selected using Ginseng saponins and total polysaccharides as an index by a uniform design method. The results indicated that the optimal conditions were as follows:the concentration of alcohol was 10﹪(v/v),the solvent quantity was 13 times as much as the drug quantity,the soak time was 14 hours and the reflux time was 2 hours. We can obtain the conclusion that the optimized procedure of uniform design succeeded in the optimal extracting technology of Si junzi Decoction. It is simple and easy to do, and suitable for practical production. Key word: uniform design; orthogonal design; experimental scheme; studying drugs;optimum design

  • 基于苯硫基乙酰胺的奈帕芬胺合成

    目 录 中文摘要 I 英文摘要 II 目录 III 1. 绪论.1 1.1 非甾体抗炎药的现状1 1.2 眼科常见的NSAIDS.1 1.3 眼科应用NSAIDS的不良反应4 1.4. 研究开发新型的眼用NSAIDS.5 1.5. 奈帕芬胺的化学合成.6 2. 实验部分.9 2.1 实验仪器和试剂.9 2.2 实验步骤.11 3. 结果与讨论.14 3.1 苯硫酚的合成.14 3.2 次氯酸叔丁酯的合成 .14 3.3 苯硫基乙酰胺的合成.15 3.4 奈帕芬胺的合成.15 4.总结与展望17 致谢18 参考文献19 摘 要:非甾体抗炎药(non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,NSAIDS)的临床应用已有近百年历史,自糖皮质激素广泛用于临床后,这类药物的应用曾一度减少。但是,由于糖皮质激素能引起依赖性,短期不能立即停药,长期用药又可导致许多严重不良反应,因而对NSAIDS的研究又被重新重视。非甾体抗炎药具有抗炎、抗过敏和止痛作用,且无皮质类固醇的不良反应,因此,其在眼科的应用日益受到重视。随着NSAIDS在眼科的广泛应用和使用量的递增,该类药物的有效性和安全性得到了眼科医生的重视。奈帕芬胺是强有效的非甾体类抗炎药(NSAID)氨氟沙星的前药,主要用于治疗白内障手术相关性疼痛和炎症。本文主要介绍基于苯硫基乙酰胺合成奈帕芬胺。 关键词:奈帕芬胺;非甾体抗炎药;苯硫基乙酰胺 Nepafenac and Intermediates Abstract: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, NSAIDS) Clinical application of nearly a hundred years, since glucocorticoids are widely used in clinical after the application of these drugs once reduced. However, corticosteroids can cause dependence, short-term can not be immediately discontinued, long-term drug use can cause many serious adverse reactions, thus NSAIDS has been renewed emphasis on research. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and analgesic effect, and no corticosteroid side effects, and therefore its application in ophthalmology received increasing attention. With the extensive use of NSAIDS in the eye and the increasing use of such drugs, the efficacy and safety has been an ophthalmologist's attention. Nepafenac is a strong and effective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) before ammonia difloxacin drugs for the treatment of cataract surgery-related pain and inflammation. In this paper, based on thio-acetamide Synthesis Nepafenac. Keywords:Nepafenac;Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;Phenylthio acetamide

  • 洋甘菊精油提取工艺研究

    目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要II 目录III 1 绪论1 1.1 植物精油研究概述1 1.1.1 植物精油定义及性质1 1.1.2 植物精油的生理活性与应用1 1.2 植物精油的提取方法2 1.3 洋甘菊的研究概况3 1.4 立题意义与研究内容5 2 实验部分7 2.1 实验材料与试剂7 2.2 实验方法8 3 结果与讨论14 3.1 水蒸汽蒸馏法提取洋甘菊精油的工艺研究14 3.2 有机溶剂萃取法提取薰衣草精油的工艺研究17 3.3洋甘菊油的超临界 C02流体萃取工艺研究18 3.4洋甘菊精油气相色谱分析检测19 3.5 小结21 4 总结与展望23 致 谢24 参考文献25 摘 要:洋甘菊精油因具有抗炎、解痉、消毒、利胆作用而被广泛应用。本论文以广西产洋甘菊为原料,采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取洋甘菊精油,考察了料液比、提取时间、浸泡时间、超声波辅助等因素,确定洋甘菊精油提取最佳工艺条件为:液料比为 1:12,提取时间为 5h,浸泡时间为2h,其中用超声波处理30min,提取率1.12%;还对有机溶剂萃取法、超临界 CO2流体萃取工艺进行了初步探索。 关键词:洋甘菊;精油;提取;工艺 The Research on Extraction of Chamomile Essential Oil Abstract: As its anti-inflammatory,antispasmodic,disinfectant and choleretic effect, chamomile has been widely used. In the research, the materials of chamomile was planted in Guangxi, steam distillation were applied to extract the chamomile essential oil ,the main conclusions as follows: In the single-factor test, the influence of ratio of material and liquid,extraction time, soaking time, ultrasonic wave time, was studied, and obtain the chamomile essential oil by the method of steam distill, the optimum extracting condition was obtained:the ratio of material to water is 1:12(g/ml), extracting for 5h, soaking for 2h,and dealing with ultrasonic for 30min before, the yield of essential oil was 1.12%. Although, organic solvent extraction, supercritical CO2 fluid extraction were explored. Keywords:Chamomile; Chamomile essential oil; Extraction; Technology

  • 化妆品中多元素的ICP同时测定研究

    目 录 中文摘要I 英文摘要III 目录Ⅴ 1. 绪论1 1.1 研究的必要性1 1.2 研究的意义4 1.3 国内外研究现状及发展趋势4 1.4 化妆品预处理方法的介绍5 1.5 ICP-OES简介8 1.6 研究的内容和技术路线9 2. 实验部分10 2.1 主要试剂10 2.2 主要仪器10 2.3 标准溶液的配制 10 2.4 ICP-OES的工作条件10 2.5 室验步骤12 3. 结果与讨论13 3.1 ICP-OES仪器条件的优化 13 3.2 方法的检测性能17 4.总结与展望23 致谢25 参考文献26 附录一28 附录二36 摘要:随着人们对有害元素认识的加深,越来越多的消费者开始关注化妆品中有害元素的含量,目前,我国已建立了化妆品中铅、砷、汞元素的标准检测方法,随着SK-Ⅱ品牌化妆品检测出含有对人体有害的铬、钕金属元素的报道之后,检测部门又规定了十几种禁限用元素,这使得化妆品中多元素的含量的分析成为研究的热点。 本文采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-OES)同时测定化妆品中砷、硼、铍、铋、镉、铬、铁、镍、铅、锑、锶、钛、铊、钒、锌十五种金属元素,对ICP-OES的工作参数和条件进行了优化。元素As、B、Be、Bi、Cd、Cr、Fe、Ni、Pb、Sb、Sr、Ti、Tl、V、Zn的检出限分别为0.1992,0.0037,0.0009,0.1345,0.0311,0.0177,0.0269,0.2921,0.2626,0.2394,0.0010,0.0094,0.1275,0.0525和0.0170μg/ml;在 0~5ppm浓度范围内,其线性回归方程分别为y=96.782x+21.121,y=5595.542x+91.191,y=159294.406x+23.368, y=161.695x+20.833,y=1974.570x+26.840,y=1429.992x+28.986, y=2350.253x+59.594, y=298.964x+33.867,y=119.945x+33.785,y=142.550x+41.381,y=523659.188x+230.395,y=12708.850x+52.139,y=144.608x+56.665,y=919.029x+34.390,y=2354.916x+56.659,相关系数均在0.9995以上。最后利用定性性能优越的ICP-MS与本研究方法(ICP-OES)进行比较分析,考察两种方法在样品分析结果上的差异。 关键词:电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-OES);化妆品;有害金属元素;消解 Multi-element method for determination of elements in cosmetics by ICP-OES Abstract:With people understanding the harmful elements, more and more consumers begin to pay attention to the content of the harmful elements in cosmetics. Now our country has established standard detection methods about Pd、As、Hg which are in cosmetics. After cosmetic SK-Ⅱ was reported it has harmful elements Cr and Ru, the inspection department sets dozens of limit elements, this makes Multi-element method for determination of elements in cosmetics by ICP-OES become hot. In this article, we use ICP-OES determination of As、B、Be、Bi、Cd、Cr、Fe、Ni、Pb、Sb、Sr、Ti、Tl、V and Zn. The analytical conditions and parameters of ICP-OES were optimized, The detection limits of As、B、Be、Bi、Cd、Cr、Fe、Ni、Pb、Sb、Sr、Ti、Tl、V、Zn were 0.1992,0.0037,0.0009,0.1345,0.0311,0.0177,0.0269,0.2921,0.2626,0.2394,0.0010,0.0094,0.1275,0.0525,0.0170μg/ml respectively. The linear range was 0~5 ppm, the linear regression equations of the 15 elements were y=96.78x+21.12,y=5595.54x+91.19,y=159294.41x+23.37,y=161.70x+20.83,y=1974.57x+26.84,y=1429.99x+28.99,y=2350.25x+59.59,y=298.96x+33.87,y=119.95x+33.79,y=142.55x+41.38,y=523659.2x+230.40,y=12708.85x+52.140,y=144.61x+56.67,y=919.03x+34.39,y=2354.916x+56.659 respectively, and the linear correlation might be up to 0.9995 . At last, we use tow kinds of methods——ICP-MS and ICP-OES analysis samples, then look for the difference. Keywords:Inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry; Cosmetics; Harmful metal elements; Digestion

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