摘要翻译:
一个大的经济体会稳定吗?在罗伯特·梅关于大生态系统的原始论点的基础上,我们推测进化和行为力量共同推动经济走向边际稳定。我们研究的是生产投入不易替代的企业网络,就像在几个现实世界的供应链中一样。根据随机矩阵理论的结果,我们认为,当网络规模增大、企业间异质性变得太强或生产投入的可替代性降低时,网络通常会失效。在边际稳定和大的异质性下,我们发现企业规模的分布发展出幂律尾,正如经验观察到的那样。危机可以由小的特殊冲击引发,这种冲击导致违约的“雪崩”,其特征是总输出损失的幂律分布。这种情况很自然地解释了Bak、Chen、Scheinkman和Woodford早就预料到的著名的“小冲击,大商业周期”之谜。
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英文标题:
《May's Instability in Large Economies》
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作者:
Jos\'e Moran, Jean-Philippe Bouchaud
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最新提交年份:
2019
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分类信息:
一级分类:Physics 物理学
二级分类:Physics and Society 物理学与社会
分类描述:Structure, dynamics and collective behavior of societies and groups (human or otherwise). Quantitative analysis of social networks and other complex networks. Physics and engineering of infrastructure and systems of broad societal impact (e.g., energy grids, transportation networks).
社会和团体(人类或其他)的结构、动态和集体行为。社会网络和其他复杂网络的定量分析。具有广泛社会影响的基础设施和系统(如能源网、运输网络)的物理和工程。
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一级分类:Physics 物理学
二级分类:Statistical Mechanics 统计力学
分类描述:Phase transitions, thermodynamics, field theory, non-equilibrium phenomena, renormalization group and scaling, integrable models, turbulence
相变,热力学,场论,非平衡现象,重整化群和标度,可积模型,湍流
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一级分类:Economics 经济学
二级分类:General Economics 一般经济学
分类描述:General methodological, applied, and empirical contributions to economics.
对经济学的一般方法、应用和经验贡献。
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一级分类:Quantitative Finance 数量金融学
二级分类:Economics 经济学
分类描述:q-fin.EC is an alias for econ.GN. Economics, including micro and macro economics, international economics, theory of the firm, labor economics, and other economic topics outside finance
q-fin.ec是econ.gn的别名。经济学,包括微观和宏观经济学、国际经济学、企业理论、劳动经济学和其他金融以外的经济专题
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英文摘要:
Will a large economy be stable? Building on Robert May's original argument for large ecosystems, we conjecture that evolutionary and behavioural forces conspire to drive the economy towards marginal stability. We study networks of firms in which inputs for production are not easily substitutable, as in several real-world supply chains. Relying on results from Random Matrix Theory, we argue that such networks generically become dysfunctional when their size increases, when the heterogeneity between firms becomes too strong or when substitutability of their production inputs is reduced. At marginal stability and for large heterogeneities, we find that the distribution of firm sizes develops a power-law tail, as observed empirically. Crises can be triggered by small idiosyncratic shocks, which lead to "avalanches" of defaults characterized by a power-law distribution of total output losses. This scenario would naturally explain the well-known "small shocks, large business cycles" puzzle, as anticipated long ago by Bak, Chen, Scheinkman and Woodford.
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PDF链接:
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.09629