时间无关非耗散非平衡态的统计力学 国家

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摘要翻译：
我们考察了平衡统计力学的形式表达式能否应用于不处于真正热力学平衡且非遍历的与时间无关的非耗散系统的问题。通过假定相空间可以划分为与时间无关的局部遍历域，我们论证了在这些域内微态的相对概率是由标准玻尔兹曼权值给出的。与以前专门针对玻璃化转变开发的能量景观处理不同，我们没有强加畴间布居数分布的先验知识。假设这些区域对于热力学状态变量的微小变化是鲁棒的，我们导出了这些系统的各种涨落公式。我们在一个模型玻璃形成系统上用分子动力学模拟验证了我们的理论结果。导出了系统温度或压力突变引起的非平衡瞬态涨落关系式，结果与模拟结果一致。这些关系成立的充要条件是，域内部由Boltzmann统计量构成，并且域是鲁棒的。因此，瞬态涨落关系为我们对这些系统的统计力学处理中使用的假设提供了一个独立的定量证明。
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英文标题：
《Statistical Mechanics of Time Independent Non-Dissipative Nonequilibrium
  States》
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作者：
Stephen R. Williams and Denis J. Evans
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最新提交年份：
2007
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分类信息：

一级分类：Physics        物理学
二级分类：Statistical Mechanics        统计力学
分类描述：Phase transitions, thermodynamics, field theory, non-equilibrium phenomena, renormalization group and scaling, integrable models, turbulence
相变，热力学，场论，非平衡现象，重整化群和标度，可积模型，湍流
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一级分类：Physics        物理学
二级分类：Materials Science        材料科学
分类描述：Techniques, synthesis, characterization, structure.  Structural phase transitions, mechanical properties, phonons. Defects, adsorbates, interfaces
技术，合成，表征，结构。结构相变，力学性质，声子。缺陷，吸附质，界面
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英文摘要：
  We examine the question of whether the formal expressions of equilibrium statistical mechanics can be applied to time independent non-dissipative systems that are not in true thermodynamic equilibrium and are nonergodic. By assuming the phase space may be divided into time independent, locally ergodic domains, we argue that within such domains the relative probabilities of microstates are given by the standard Boltzmann weights. In contrast to previous energy landscape treatments, that have been developed specifically for the glass transition, we do not impose an a priori knowledge of the inter-domain population distribution. Assuming that these domains are robust with respect to small changes in thermodynamic state variables we derive a variety of fluctuation formulae for these systems. We verify our theoretical results using molecular dynamics simulations on a model glass forming system. Non-equilibrium Transient Fluctuation Relations are derived for the fluctuations resulting from a sudden finite change to the system's temperature or pressure and these are shown to be consistent with the simulation results. The necessary and sufficient conditions for these relations to be valid are that the domains are internally populated by Boltzmann statistics and that the domains are robust. The Transient Fluctuation Relations thus provide an independent quantitative justification for the assumptions used in our statistical mechanical treatment of these systems.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/706.0753

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关键词：统计力学 非平衡 distribution Quantitative Fluctuations 应用 遍历 Boltzmann 无关 开发