意大利水稻种质的表型变异

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摘要翻译：
植物育种是进一步提高作物产量的关键策略之一；然而，有效的育种策略要求可用种质的表型特征。本研究试图在一个40个品种的面板中表征14个与物候、植株构型和产量有关的作物性状的表型表达，该面板选择代表意大利水稻种质中存在的表型变异性，在两个季节的田间试验中。多个性状的表型变异幅度较大（变异系数5.9%～45.4%),包括产量（平均值6.47tHA-1},变异系数15.4%,最小值2.19tHA-1},最大值8.95tHA-1}）,各性状均表现出多个强组合。聚类分析提取出三组具有不同产量策略特征的基因型，即“高分蘖”、“早熟”和“源库增加”。我们的发现突出表明，当一种策略被过分强调时，水稻产量会下降。相反，产量最高的基因型在库源器官之间有一个平衡的比例，营养和生殖阶段有一个比例持续时间。本研究描述了意大利水稻品种的表型变异，并提出了一种新的基于产量相关性状的分类方法，该方法可用于多种水稻育种应用。
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英文标题：
《Phenotypic variability in Italian rice germplasm》
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作者：
Gabriele Mongiano, Patrizia Titone, Simone Pagnoncelli, Davide Sacco,
  Luigi Tamborini, Roberto Pilu, Simone Bregaglio
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最新提交年份：
2020
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分类信息：

一级分类：Quantitative Biology        数量生物学
二级分类：Other Quantitative Biology        其他定量生物学
分类描述：Work in quantitative biology that does not fit into the other q-bio classifications
不适合其他q-bio分类的定量生物学工作
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英文摘要：
  Plant breeding is one of the key strategies for further enhancement of crop yields; however, effective breeding strategies require phenotypic characterisation of the available germplasm. This study sought to characterise the phenotypic expression of fourteen crop traits related to phenology, plant architecture, and yield in a panel of 40 cultivars selected to represent the phenotypic variability present in Italian rice germplasm during a two-season field experiment. The observed range of phenotypic variation was high for many traits (coefficients of variation ranging from 5.9\% to 45.4\%) including yield (mean: 6.47 t ha\textsuperscript{-1}; CV: 15.4\%; min: 2.19 t ha\textsuperscript{-1}; max: 8.95 t ha\textsuperscript{-1}), and multiple strong associations emerged in all the analysed traits. Cluster analysis extracted three groups of genotypes characterised by alternative yield strategies, i.e. "high-tillering", "early maturing", and "increased source-sink". Our findings highlight that rice yield decrease when one strategy is overemphasised. In contrast, the highest-yielding genotypes have a balanced ratio between sink and source organs, along with a proportional duration of vegetative and reproductive phases. This study depicts the phenotypic variability in Italian rice cultivars and proposes a novel classification based on yield-related traits which could be of use in multiple rice breeding applications.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.15117

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关键词：意大利 Quantitative Applications associations Architecture 可用 研究 面板 variability 比例