经济的两个增长率

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摘要翻译：
经济增长是以人均国内生产总值(GDP)的相对变化率来衡量的。然而，当收入随随机乘法增长时，总体平均增长率（人均GDP）高于长期每个人所达到的时间平均增长率。这个数学事实是遍历经济学的出发点。使用非典型的高集合平均增长率作为主要的增长度量会产生一个不完整的图像。报告总体平均增长率和时间平均增长率将更好地为决策提供信息。我们严格分析了这些增长率，并描述了它们在过去五十年中在美国和法国的演变。两个增长率之间的差异产生了收入不平等的自然度量，等于平均对数偏差。尽管时间平均增长率被估计为个人收入增长率的平均值，但它与收入流动性无关。
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英文标题：
《The Two Growth Rates of the Economy》
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作者：
Alexander Adamou, Yonatan Berman and Ole Peters
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最新提交年份：
2020
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分类信息：

一级分类：Economics        经济学
二级分类：General Economics        一般经济学
分类描述：General methodological, applied, and empirical contributions to economics.
对经济学的一般方法、应用和经验贡献。
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一级分类：Quantitative Finance        数量金融学
二级分类：Economics        经济学
分类描述：q-fin.EC is an alias for econ.GN. Economics, including micro and macro economics, international economics, theory of the firm, labor economics, and other economic topics outside finance
q-fin.ec是econ.gn的别名。经济学，包括微观和宏观经济学、国际经济学、企业理论、劳动经济学和其他金融以外的经济专题
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英文摘要：
  Economic growth is measured as the rate of relative change in gross domestic product (GDP) per capita. Yet, when incomes follow random multiplicative growth, the ensemble-average (GDP per capita) growth rate is higher than the time-average growth rate achieved by each individual in the long run. This mathematical fact is the starting point of ergodicity economics. Using the atypically high ensemble-average growth rate as the principal growth measure creates an incomplete picture. Policymaking would be better informed by reporting both ensemble-average and time-average growth rates. We analyse rigorously these growth rates and describe their evolution in the United States and France over the last fifty years. The difference between the two growth rates gives rise to a natural measure of income inequality, equal to the mean logarithmic deviation. Despite being estimated as the average of individual income growth rates, the time-average growth rate is independent of income mobility.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2009.10451

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关键词：增长率 Quantitative Policymaking Contribution Mathematical average 演变 增长率 遍历 per