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摘要翻译：
本文综述了近年来关于主动布朗运动(ABM)模型的研究进展，该模型耦合油藏提供自由能，并可转换为运动动能。首先，我们介绍了活性布朗粒子的一般概念，活性布朗粒子能够从源中吸收能量并转换部分能量以执行各种活动。在我们介绍的第二部分，我们考虑ABM在具有不同形式的可微势的棘轮系统中的应用。本文讨论了正弦电位、阶梯状电位和Mateos棘轮电位三种情况下的分析和数值计算，以及用倾斜电位结构模拟附加荷载的情况。此外，通过考虑高斯白噪声的扰动，研究了棘轮中渐近通量的方向性。这种{随机驱动方向性}效应可视化为导致粒子净流的左右运动轨迹统计量的强非单调依赖性。本文还简要讨论了棘轮系统在分子马达中的可能应用
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英文标题：
《Active Brownian Motion Models and Applications to Ratchets》
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作者：
Alessandro Fiasconaro, Werner Ebeling, Ewa Gudowska-Nowak
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最新提交年份：
2008
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分类信息：
一级分类：Physics 物理学
二级分类：Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability 数据分析、统计与概率
分类描述：Methods, software and hardware for physics data analysis: data processing and storage; measurement methodology; statistical and mathematical aspects such as parametrization and uncertainties.
物理数据分析的方法、软硬件：数据处理与存储；测量方法；统计和数学方面，如参数化和不确定性。
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一级分类：Physics 物理学
二级分类：Soft Condensed Matter 软凝聚态物质
分类描述：Membranes, polymers, liquid crystals, glasses, colloids, granular matter
膜，聚合物，液晶，玻璃，胶体，颗粒物质
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一级分类：Physics 物理学
二级分类：Statistical Mechanics 统计力学
分类描述：Phase transitions, thermodynamics, field theory, non-equilibrium phenomena, renormalization group and scaling, integrable models, turbulence
相变，热力学，场论，非平衡现象，重整化群和标度，可积模型，湍流
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英文摘要：
We give an overview over recent studies on the model of Active Brownian Motion (ABM) coupled to reservoirs providing free energy which may be converted into kinetic energy of motion. First, we present an introduction to a general concept of active Brownian particles which are capable to take up energy from the source and transform part of it in order to perform various activities. In the second part of our presentation we consider applications of ABM to ratchet systems with different forms of differentiable potentials. Both analytical and numerical evaluations are discussed for three cases of sinusoidal, staircase-like and Mateos ratchet potentials, also with the additional loads modeled by tilted potential structure. In addition, stochastic character of the kinetics is investigated by considering perturbation by Gaussian white noise which is shown to be responsible for driving the directionality of the asymptotic flux in the ratchet. This \textit{stochastically driven directionality} effect is visualized as a strong nonmonotonic dependence of the statistics of the right versus left trajectories of motion leading to a net current of particles. Possible applications of the ratchet systems to molecular motors are also briefly discussed
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/801.4838
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