现状偏差与诱饵效应：选择中的比较分析 处于危险之中

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摘要翻译：
惯性和依赖于上下文的选择效应是行为现象中研究得很好的一类。虽然孤立地对这些影响知之甚少，但当两者都可能存在时，它们中的一个是否“支配”另一个却知之甚少。任何这种优势的知识对于有效的选择、架构和描述性建模都是相关的。我们以一个被试间的实验室实验开始了这一实证调查，该实验以一个对两三张彩票的单一决定为特征。我们的实验旨在测试现状偏差和诱饵效应之间的优势。我们发现了现状偏见的有力证据，但没有诱饵效应的证据。我们还发现，现状偏见足够强大，以至于在总体水平上，一小部分受试者从厌恶风险转向寻求风险。调查证据表明，这是由于当风险彩票是默认的时，受试者关注最大可能金额，当没有默认彩票时，受试者关注比最小金额更多的中奖概率。观察到的风险态度的逆转可以用一大类参照依赖的偏好来解释。
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英文标题：
《Status Quo Bias and the Decoy Effect: A Comparative Analysis in Choice
  under Risk》
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作者：
Miguel Costa-Gomes and Georgios Gerasimou
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最新提交年份：
2020
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分类信息：

一级分类：Economics        经济学
二级分类：General Economics        一般经济学
分类描述：General methodological, applied, and empirical contributions to economics.
对经济学的一般方法、应用和经验贡献。
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一级分类：Quantitative Finance        数量金融学
二级分类：Economics        经济学
分类描述：q-fin.EC is an alias for econ.GN. Economics, including micro and macro economics, international economics, theory of the firm, labor economics, and other economic topics outside finance
q-fin.ec是econ.gn的别名。经济学，包括微观和宏观经济学、国际经济学、企业理论、劳动经济学和其他金融以外的经济专题
--

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英文摘要：
  Inertia and context-dependent choice effects are well-studied classes of behavioural phenomena. While much is known about these effects in isolation, little is known about whether one of them "dominates" the other when both can potentially be present. Knowledge of any such dominance is relevant for effective choice architecture and descriptive modelling. We initiate this empirical investigation with a between-subjects lab experiment that featured a single decision over two or three money lotteries. Our experiment was designed to test for dominance between *status quo bias* and the *decoy effect*. We find strong evidence for status quo bias and no evidence for the decoy effect. We also find that status quo bias is powerful enough so that, at the aggregate level, a fraction of subjects switch from being risk-averse to being risk-seeking. Survey evidence suggests that this is due to subjects focusing on the maximum possible amount when the risky lottery is the default and on the probability of winning more than the smallest amount when there is no default lottery. The observed reversal in risk attitudes is explainable by a large class of reference-dependent preferences.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2006.14868

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关键词：比较分析 Contribution Quantitative Architecture QUANTITATIV 金额 默认 诱饵 彩票 subjects