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摘要翻译：
希克斯诱导创新假说认为，生产要素的价格上涨是对发明的刺激。我们提出了另一个假说，重申对发明的刺激不仅需要一个因素的增加，而且需要至少一个其他因素的减少来抵消公司的成本。我们在英国工业革命的历史例子中说明了我们的替代假设的必要性。此外，我们以2003-2017年29个OECD国家的研究与发展(R&D)为例，对这两个假设进行了经济计量评估。具体而言，我们利用面板回归研究了R&D投资对以平均工资和石油价格为代表的经济环境的依赖关系。我们发现我们的替代假设支持由企业资助和/或进行的R&D，而最初的Hicks假设支持由政府资助的R&D和由大学进行的R&D。我们的结果反映出，与政府和高等教育部门不同，商业部门受到市场条件的显著影响。
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英文标题：
《Economic Conditions for Innovation: Private vs. Public Sector》
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作者：
Tom\'a\v{s} Evan and Vladim\'ir Hol\'y
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最新提交年份：
2020
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分类信息：
一级分类：Economics 经济学
二级分类：General Economics 一般经济学
分类描述：General methodological, applied, and empirical contributions to economics.
对经济学的一般方法、应用和经验贡献。
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一级分类：Quantitative Finance 数量金融学
二级分类：Economics 经济学
分类描述：q-fin.EC is an alias for econ.GN. Economics, including micro and macro economics, international economics, theory of the firm, labor economics, and other economic topics outside finance
q-fin.ec是econ.gn的别名。经济学，包括微观和宏观经济学、国际经济学、企业理论、劳动经济学和其他金融以外的经济专题
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英文摘要：
The Hicks induced innovation hypothesis states that a price increase of a production factor is a spur to invention. We propose an alternative hypothesis restating that a spur to invention require not only an increase of one factor but also a decrease of at least one other factor to offset the companies' cost. We illustrate the need for our alternative hypothesis in a historical example of the industrial revolution in the United Kingdom. Furthermore, we econometrically evaluate both hypotheses in a case study of research and development (R&D) in 29 OECD countries from 2003 to 2017. Specifically, we investigate dependence of investments to R&D on economic environment represented by average wages and oil prices using panel regression. We find that our alternative hypothesis is supported for R&D funded and/or performed by business enterprises while the original Hicks hypothesis holds for R&D funded by the government and R&D performed by universities. Our results reflect that business sector is significantly influenced by market conditions, unlike the government and higher education sectors.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2004.07814
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