国际经济学练习题参考答案

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国际经济学练习题参考答案

PART
I
1
the gains from trade, the pattern of trade,protectionism
2

comparative advantage, economics of scale
3
the opportunity cost
4
aLC/aLW<aLC*/aLW*,
aLC/aLW< Pc/Pw<aLC*/aLW*,
5
（L/aLC）/(L*/aLW*),
(1/aLC)(Pc/Pw)－1/aLW
6
，

7
resources can’t move immediately orcostlessly form one industry to another,
Industries differ in the factors of productionthey demand
8


relative abundance
, relative intensity

9


stolper-sammelson effect
10

Rybczynski effect
11
H-O proposition (I think the answer is stolper-sammelsomeffect ,in the chapter4
§2.2)
12
Factor price equalization proposition
13
⑴ both countries produce both goods ⑵technologies are the same ⑶There are barriers to trade: natural barriers and artificialbarriers.
14
leontide paradox
15

standrad trade model
16

production possibilities ,preferences
17
immiserizing growth
(贫困化增长)
18

immiserizinggrowth
19

economic growth is strongly export-biased ;thegrowing country is large enough to affect the world price ;RS and RD must bevery steep
20

Metzleparadox
21
economies of scale
; variety of products
22
specialized supplies
;labor
market
pooling
;knowledge
spillovers(知识溢出)
23
history and accident
24
economics of scale interact with comparativeadvantage
25



26
countries are similar in their relativefactor supplies, scale economies and product differentiations are important
27
the infant industry argument
28
terms of trade gain,
efficiency loss
29
trade politics
30
political success; national welfare
31
the term of trade argument for a tariff;thedomestic market failure argument
32
Specific rule (对症规则)
33
First domestic market failure should becorrected by domestic policies aimed directly at the problems’ sources; Secondeconomists cannot diagnose market failure well enough to prescribe policy.
34
The problem of collective action
35
TRIPS , TRIMS (这两个协议与知识产权有关)
36
most favored nation; national treatment
37
customs union
38
trade creation; trade diversion
39
promoting industrialization

;
coping with the problems of the dual economy
40
the infant industry argument
;
thewage differentials argument
PART
Ⅱ T=True F=False
1- 5
T F T T F

6- 10T F F F T
11-15T T T T F


16-20 TF T T F
21-25T T T F T



26-30 FT T F T
31-35 TT F T T

36-40 T F T T F
41-45T T F T F


46-50 TT T F F
51-55 F T T F T

56-60 F T F T T
61-65T T T T T


66-70 F F T T T
71-75T F F T T


76-79 TT F F



F is more litter than the Tand F at 2,5,8,915,17,26,29,33,40,50,51,54,56,58,66,67,72,73,78,79..Ifhave on enough time to understand ,just learn by heart.
PART Ⅲ choose the ONLY one collect answer ineach question
(这部分加入了我的笔记，有些是老师讲解的内容,有些只是个人的理解)
1. An important insight of international trade theory isthat when countries exchange goods and services one with the other it

• is always beneficial to both countries.
• is usually beneficial to both     countries.（通常会让两个国家都得利）
• is typically beneficial only to the     low wage trade partner country .
• is typically harmful to the     technologically lagging country.
• tends to create unemployment in both     countries.

Answer: B2. If there are largedisparities（工资差异大） in wage levels between countries, then
A. trade is likely to beharmful to both countries.
B. trade is likely to beharmful to the country with the high wages.
C. trade is likely to beharmful to the country with the low wages.
D. trade is likely to be harmful to neithercountry. （贸易几乎不会让任一国家受损）
E. trade is likely to have noeffect on either country.
Answer: D3.
Cost-benefit analysis of international trade （成本收益分析）

• is basically useless.
• is empirically intractable.
• focuses attention on conflicts of     interest within countries.
• focuses attention on conflicts of     interests between countries.
• None of the above.

Answer: C
4. Aprimary reason why nations conduct international trade is because ofdifferences in

• historical     perspective.
• location.
• resource availabilities.（资源有效性）
• tastes.
• incomes.

Answer: C
5.Arguments for free trade are sometimes disregarded by the political processbecause

• economists tend to favor highly     protected domestic markets.
• economists have a universally accepted     decisive power over the political decision mechanism.
• maximizing consumer     welfare may not be a chief priority for politicians.（扩大消费者福利不是最主要的）
• the gains of trade are of paramount     concern to typical consumers.
• None of the above.

Answer: C
6.
Proponents of free trade claim all of the following as advantagesexcept
A. relatively high wage levelsfor all domestic workers.
B. a wider selection ofproducts for consumers
C. increased competition forworld producers.
D. the utilization of the most efficientproduction processes.
E. None of the above.

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