clm0600 发表于 2012-4-1 09:45 
你说的什么哲学,科学,日常生活的一般定义,就是你认识世界的基础对吧?但这个基础是错的,至少在经济 ...
You have confused three problems:(1) how does a commodity have its value,this is a positive question; (2)and how can a person possess a commodity or how does the society allocate the wealth,this is a positive question;(3)how is fair for the society to allocate the wealth.,this is a normative question.
In fact, how the society allocate the social wealth doesn't relate to labor necessarily, which relates to the social institutions and power distribution.
What the value of a commodity is differs from how it is fair to possess a commodity, therefore, you can't coerce the value of a commodity into being labor in order to advocate that possessing a commodity is fair only through labor.
Why did Karl Marx make labor as the value of a commodity, because he wanted to establish a theory on fair distribution of wealth. However, even we abandon the value theory of labor and accept the value theory of utility, we can establish a better theory on fair distribution of wealth, and in the new allocaton theory based on utility value, labor can also find its position related to fair distribution of wealth. Besides, we can also research the problem of exploitation based on the value theory of utility.
To sum up, we can obtain whatever feature through the value theory of utility that can be obtained by Marxist value theory of labor, what's more, we can obtain more through the value theory of utility than labor. Since it, we can conclude that the value theory of utility is better than the value theory of labor.
google翻译:
你混淆了三个问题:(1)商品如何有其价值,这是一个积极的问题;(2)一个人如何能拥有一种商品或如何分配社会财富,这是一个积极的问题;(3)如何公平分配社会财富。,这是一个规范的问题。
事实上,如何在社会分配社会财富的不涉及劳动必然的,其中涉及到的社会制度和配电。
一个商品的价值是不同的,它是如何公平地拥有一种商品,因此,你不能强迫劳动是为了倡导是公平的,只有通过劳动,具有商品的商品价值。
为什么卡尔·马克思的劳动力作为商品的价值,因为他想建立财富的公平分配理论。然而,即使我们放弃劳动价值理论和接受的实用价值理论,我们可以建立更好的理论财富的公平分配,并根据实用价值在新allocaton的理论,劳动也可以找到它的位置有关公平财富分配。此外,我们还可以研究的实用价值理论为基础的剥削问题。
总结,我们可以得到任何通过的实用价值理论的功能,可以通过获得马克思主义劳动价值理论,更重要的是什么,我们能够获得通过比实用的劳动价值理论。因为它,我们可以得出这样的结论的实用价值理论是优于劳动价值理论。