David Harvey(大卫·哈维)是当代西方地理学家中以思想见长并影响极大的一位学者。 他1935年出生于英国Kent的Gillingham,1957年获剑桥大学地理系文学学士,1961年以《论肯特郡1800~1900年农业和乡村的变迁》一文获该校哲学博士学位。随后即赴瑞典乌普萨拉大学访问进修一年,回国后任布里斯托尔大学地理系讲师。
哈维所获奖项甚多,举要如下:美国地理学家协会杰出贡献奖、瑞典人类学与地理学会Anders Retzius 金质勋章、伦敦皇家地理学会Patron(赞助人)勋章、地理学Vautrin Lud国际奖、阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯大学荣誉博士学 位、丹麦Roskilde大学荣誉博士学位、纽约城市大学人类学系“杰出教授”荣誉等。
Contents
List of Figures and Tables vi
Acknowledgements vii
Introduction 1
1. Freedom’s Just Another Word . . . 5
2. The Construction of Consent 39
3. The Neoliberal State 64
4. Uneven Geographical Developments 87
5. Neoliberalism ‘with Chinese Characteristics’ 120
6. Neoliberalism on Trial 152
7. Freedom’s Prospect 183
Notes 207
Bibliography 223
Index 235
Introduction
Future historians may well look upon the years 1978–80 as a revolutionary
turning-point in the world’s social and economic history.
In 1978, Deng Xiaoping took the first momentous steps towards
the liberalization of a communist-ruled economy in a country that
accounted for a fifth of the world’s population. The path that
Deng defined was to transform China in two decades from a closed
backwater to an open centre of capitalist dynamism with sustained
growth rates unparalleled in human history. On the other side of
the Pacific, and in quite different circumstances, a relatively
obscure (but now renowned) figure named Paul Volcker took
command at the US Federal Reserve in July 1979, and within a few
months dramatically changed monetary policy. The Fed thereafter
took the lead in the fight against inflation no matter what its consequences
(particularly as concerned unemployment). Across the
Atlantic, Margaret Thatcher had already been elected Prime
Minister of Britain in May 1979, with a mandate to curb trade
union power and put an end to the miserable inflationary stagnation
that had enveloped the country for the preceding decade.
Then, in 1980, Ronald Reagan was elected President of the United
States and, armed with geniality and personal charisma, set the US
on course to revitalize its economy by supporting Volcker’s moves
at the Fed and adding his own particular blend of policies to curb
the power of labour, deregulate industry, agriculture, and resource
extraction, and liberate the powers of finance both internally and
on the world stage. From these several epicentres, revolutionary
impulses seemingly spread and reverberated to remake the world
around us in a totally different image.