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2008ICM: The Interdisciplinary Contest in Modeling
Finding the Good in Health Care Systems
Nations have systems for providing health care for their residents. Issues that are
often of concern to people and are often in the news include which systems are
better and whether current systems can be improved. Aspects of these systems
vary widely between nations: how they are funded; whether services are
delivered through public, private, or non-profit organizations; whether public
insurance is universal for all residents; who is eligible for assistance; what care is
covered; whether the latest medical procedures are available; and how much is
required as user fees. Other factors that are often debated in determining the
quality of care include: coverage for complementary care (glasses, dental,
prostheses, prescription drugs, etc); which diseases are the most critical in
affecting overall health; percentage of GDP spent on health care; percentage of
health care costs that goes toward labor/administrative/malpractice insurance;
ratio of public to private spending on health care; per capita spending on health
care; growth of per capita spending on health care; number of participating
physicians; per capita sick days; fairness of care in terms of age, race, gender,
socio-economic class; and many more. Adding to the complications are healthrelated
factors such as personal exercise, food availability, climate, occupations
of citizens, and smoking habits.
The World Health Organization (WHO), an agency of the United Nations, is a
source of data on health factors. The annual World Health Report
(http://www.who.int/whr/en/index.html) assesses global health factors and World
Health Statistics (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organisation) provides
health statistics for the countries in the UN. The production and dissemination of
health statistics is a major function of WHO. To many people, these data and the
associated analyses are considered unbiased and very valuable to the world
community. There are many other sources of reliable health data available.
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