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英文文献：Does Agricultural Value Added Induce Environmental Degradation? Empirical Evidence from an Agrarian Country-农业增加值是否导致环境退化?来自农业国家的经验证据
英文文献作者：Mary O. Agboola,Festus V. Bekun
英文文献摘要：
This study empirically investigates the agriculture-induced environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis in an agrarian framework. Annual time series data from 1981–2014 was employed using Augmented Dickey–Fuller and the Phillips–Perron (PP) unit root test complemented by the Zivot and Andrews unit root test that accounts for a single structural break to ascertain stationarity properties of variables under consideration. For the cointegration analysis, an autoregressive distributive lag methodology and the recent novel Bayer and Hanck combined cointegration technique is employed. For the direction of causality, the Granger causality test is used as estimation technique. Empirical findings lend support for the long-run equilibrium relationship among the variables under consideration. This study also validates the inverted U-shaped pattern of EKC for the case of Nigeria, affirming that Nigeria remains at the scale-effect stage of its growth trajectory. Further empirical results show that foreign direct investment attraction helps mitigate carbon emissions in Nigeria. Based on these results, several policy prescriptions on the Nigerian energy mix and agricultural operations in response to quality of the environment were suggested for policymakers, stakeholders, and environmental economists that formulate and design environmental regulations and strategies to realise the Goal 7 of sustainable development goals (SDGs).
本研究在农业框架下对农业诱发的环境库兹涅茨曲线(EKC)假说进行了实证研究。采用Augmented dicky - fuller和Phillips-Perron (PP)单位根检验，补充Zivot和Andrews单位根检验，解释了单一的结构断裂，以确定1981-2014年的年度时间序列数据的平稳性属性。对于协整分析，采用自回归分布滞后方法和最近新的Bayer和Hanck联合协整技术。在因果关系方向上，采用格兰杰因果检验作为估计技术。实证结果支持在考虑的变量之间的长期均衡关系。本研究还验证了尼日利亚EKC的倒u型模式，确认尼日利亚仍处于增长轨迹的规模效应阶段。进一步的实证结果表明，吸引外国直接投资有助于减少尼日利亚的碳排放。基于这些结果，为制定和设计环境法规和战略以实现可持续发展目标(SDGs)的目标7的政策制定者、利益相关者和环境经济学家提出了几项针对尼日利亚能源结构和农业操作以应对环境质量的政策建议。
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