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英文文献：Nonparametric approach for measuring the productivity change and assessing the water use efficiency in the irrigated areas of Tunisia-用于测量突尼斯灌溉区生产力变化和评估水利用效率的非参数方法
英文文献作者：Chemak, Fraj
英文文献摘要：
In order to cope with the water scarcity, Tunisia has to manage efficiently the demand of the economic and social sectors mainly that of the agricultural irrigated activities. Within this context our investigation aims to analyze the technical efficiency, the water use efficiency and the dynamic of the productivity of the irrigated areas in the Sidi Bouzid region. Hence, farm surveys, regarding the cropping years 2003 and 2007, were carried out. We have assessed the technology performance using the Data Envelopment Analysis approach and we have computed the Malmquist index in order to characterize the productivity change. Our empirical findings showed that the technical efficiency of the farms has increased by 17% during this period leading to an improvement of the water use efficiency up to 22%. Both, the technical efficiency change as well as the technical change have contributed to this improvement. However, the farmers have to enhance further their irrigated practices in order to save more water. Indeed, in 2007, the water use efficiency was only 78%.
为了应付缺水问题，突尼斯必须有效地管理经济和社会部门的需求，主要是农业灌溉活动的需求。在此背景下，我们的调查旨在分析西迪布齐德地区灌区的技术效率、水分利用效率和生产力动态。因此，对2003年和2007年的种植年进行了农场调查。我们使用数据包络分析方法评估了技术性能，并计算了Malmquist指数，以表征生产率的变化。实证结果表明，在此期间，农户的技术效率提高了17%，水资源利用效率提高了22%。技术效率的变化以及技术的变化都促成了这种改进。然而，农民必须进一步加强他们的灌溉实践，以节省更多的水。事实上，在2007年，水的利用效率只有78%。
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