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英文文献：78-Impact of Export Horticulture Farming on Food Security of Smallholder Farmers in Mbooni and Kirinyaga counties, Kenya-78-肯尼亚Mbooni和Kirinyaga县出口园艺耕作对小农粮食安全的影响
英文文献作者：Chege, Jane,Mburu, John I.,Nyikal, Rose,Muriithi, Beatrice W.
英文文献摘要：
Production of horticultural products for export is a major cash cropping practice in Kenya which is ranked third in terms of foreign exchange earnings after tourism and tea. Available evidence in the debate of the impact of cash cropping systems on food security however shows mixed results. Different potential negative and positive impacts can be identified which vary with choice of cash crops and the situation in which they are being grown and marketed. To assess impact, food security was measured using per capita calorie intake, 7-day recall and propensity score matching method employed. Results indicate that export horticulture farming has a positive effect on food security status in Kirinyaga County but a negative effect in Mbooni County. Small holder farmers in Mbooni both growers and non- growers were consuming less than the recommended per capita calorie intake. The study recommends that policies aimed at encouraging smallholder farmers to participate in export horticulture farming should be promoted in Kirinyaga but further investigation to be carried out on the production and marketing conditions of export horticulture and food consumption behavior and intra household income distribution in Mbooni. A clear strategy to achieve food security should also be devised.
出口园艺产品的生产是肯尼亚主要的经济种植做法，其外汇收入仅次于旅游业和茶叶，位居第三。然而，经济种植制度对粮食安全影响的辩论中的现有证据显示出好坏参半的结果。根据经济作物的选择和种植和销售情况，可以确定不同的潜在消极和积极影响。为了评估影响，采用人均卡路里摄入量、7天召回和倾向评分匹配法测量食品安全。结果表明，出口园艺耕作对基里尼亚加县的粮食安全状况有正向影响，对姆博奥尼县的粮食安全状况有负向影响。在Mbooni的小农场主，无论是耕种者还是非耕种者，都摄入了低于推荐的人均热量摄入。该研究建议，应在Kirinyaga推广旨在鼓励小农参与出口园艺种植的政策，但应进一步调查出口园艺的生产和销售条件、食品消费行为和Mbooni家庭内部收入分配。还应制订实现粮食安全的明确战略。
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