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英文文献：Policy Imperatives of Commercial Transformation of Smallholders: Market Orientation Versus market Participation in Ethiopia-小佃农商业转型的政策必要性:埃塞俄比亚的市场导向与市场参与
英文文献作者：Gebremedhin, Berhanu,Jaleta, Moti
英文文献摘要：
Policies for commercial transformation of smallholder agriculture are often aimed at promoting household market participation. The literature on agricultural transformation also makes little distinction between market orientation and market participation. This paper analyzes the determinants of market orientation and market participation in Ethiopia separately and examines if market orientation translates into market participation. Results show that subsistence requirements, market access, and production factors affect market orientation, while market access and volume of production affect market participation. Results also show that market orientation translates strongly into market participation. The key implication of this study is that policy interventions aimed at promoting commercial transformation of subsistence agriculture should follow two-pronged approach: improving market orientation of smallholders at production level, and facilitation of market entry and participation of households in output markets. Focusing on either may not be as effective in achieving the transformation.
小农农业商业改革政策的目的往往是促进家庭参与市场。关于农业转型的文献对市场导向和市场参与也没有太大的区别。本文分别分析了埃塞俄比亚市场导向和市场参与的决定因素，并检验了市场导向是否转化为市场参与。结果表明，生存需求、市场准入和生产要素影响市场导向，而市场准入和产量影响市场参与。结果还显示，市场导向强烈地转化为市场参与。本研究的关键含义是，旨在促进自给农业商业转型的政策干预应遵循两种方法:在生产水平上改善小农的市场导向，以及促进家庭进入市场和参与产出市场。关注其中任何一种可能都不会有效地实现转型。
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