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第11天 20160511 充实计划
一、资源
（一）顾诚《南明史》章二节四
（二）Ray Dalio《原则》章二 “The Personal Evolutionary Process”、“Your Most Important Choices ”
二、增量
（以）南明史，章二届四 读历史需要“脑袋夹在自己脖子上”
1、批判流行的、敷衍的通说观点
将马士英列入《名史》奸臣传，他与阮大铖构成“阉祸”，阮大铖名列魏忠贤逆案，马士英重用阮大铖乃是掀翻“逆案”。
2、另一种历史资料的分析思路
把弘光一朝的党争说成是马、阮阉党同东林-复社“正人君子”的较量并不正确，核心问题始终是围绕“定策”展开的；朝廷大臣矛盾激化，旷日持久的唇枪舌战，置国事于不顾；弘光政权一直是在大臣和军阀的勾心斗角中苟且偷安，在内讧中粉墨登场，在内讧中分崩离析。
3、旁观者清者，总是存在的
比如明人夏允彝的《幸存录》对明末党争，持论比较公允。
4、必应以名流大儒之名压人、而应靠立言出名
比如明末大儒黄宗羲的持论和影响最坏，他的观点万变归于一宗——“东林人士是“君子”、与东林异调者为“小人”。
（2）Dalio：人生往上发展的轨迹是什么体验
The quality of our lives depends on the quality of the decisions we make…We aren’t born with the ability to make good decisions; we learn it….Choosing well is not dependent on our innate abilities such as intelligence or creativity, but more on what I think of as character. For this reason, I believe that most people can make the right choices. …This basic principle suggests that you can follow one of two paths to happiness: 1) have high expectations and strive to exceed them, or 2) lower your expectations so that they are at or below your conditions. Most of us choose the first path, which means that to be happy we have to keep evolving.
The following five decision trees show these choices.
First:我们在疼痛中变得更强壮
It is a fundamental law of nature that to evolve one has to push one’s limits, which is painful, in order to gain strength…At the same time, nature made the process of getting stronger require us to push our limits. Gaining strength is the adaptation process of the body and the mind to encountering one’s limits, which is painful. In other words, both pain and strength typically result from encountering one’s barriers…Those who react well to pain that stands in the way of getting to their goals—those who understand what is causing it and how to deal with it so that it can be disposed of as a barrier—gain strength and satisfaction. This is because most learning comes from making mistakes, reflecting on the causes of the mistakes, and learning what to do differently in the future.
Second：真相是会让你疼的
facing “harsh realities” can be very difficult. In contrast, people who know that understanding what is real is the first step toward optimally dealing with it make better decisions.
Third:真的勇士，敢于直面自己的无知和软弱
People who are interested in making the best possible decisions rarely are confident that they have the best possible answers. ..I have never met a great person who did not earn and learn their greatness. They have weaknesses like everyone else—they have just learned how to deal with them so that they aren’t impediments to getting what they want. In addition, the amounts of knowledge and the capabilities that anyone does not have, and that could be used to make the best possible decisions.
So, what are your biggest weaknesses? Think honestly about them because if you can identify them, you are on the first step toward accelerating your movement forward.
Forth：守得云开见月明、莫被乌云蒙蔽初心（？）
People who overweigh the first-order consequences of their decisions and ignore the effects that the second- and subsequent-order consequences will have on their goals rarely reach their goals. I他is because first-order consequences often have opposite desirabilities from second-order consequences, resulting in big mistakes in decision-making.
Quite often the first-order consequences are the temptations that cost us what we really want, and sometimes they are barriers that stand in our way of getting what we want.
Fifth：天助自助者
Successful people understand that bad things come at everyone and that it is their responsibility to make their lives what they want them to be by successfully dealing with whatever challenges they face...
Blaming bad outcomes on anyone or anything other than one’s self is essentially wishing that reality is different than it is, which is silly…
In summary ：离开“舒适区”、勇闯“学习区”
Suspend your ego and take a no-excuses approach to achieving your goals with open-mindedness, determination, and courage, especially if you rely on the help of people who are strong in areas that you are weak.
If I had to pick just one quality that those who make the right choices have, it is character. Character is the ability to get one’s self to do the difficult things that produce the desired results.
Operate more in your “stretch zone,”
三、感言
1、天下事物，其理归一：人云亦云者从来络绎不绝，落得个灰飞烟灭；真知睿见者从来门可罗雀，总会散发光芒。
2、借用古希腊一句神谕“人啦，认识你自己”，概括Dalio的观点再合适不过。感受他的文字触摸他的头脑，感觉找对了人生导致的节奏。
四、时间
低效率地看Dalio，3h（有效时间不到2h）
五、总计
第12天，30h
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