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四篇从不同角度讨论multilevel modeling的经典论文, 尤其是第一篇, 手把手教你如何使用SAS进行multilevel modeling:
1. An articleby Judith Singer, which is probably the most-cited reference on multilevelmodeling, and might be in large part responsible forthe wholesale adoption of multilevel modeling within areas like educationalpsychology within the past decade. In this article Singer walks through examples from SAS in a readable and accessible step-by-step way.
2&3. Two chaptersfrom a the introductory book by Kreft & DeLeeuw. Chapter 2 provides a muchmore readable explanation of the differences between the variousanalyses analysts could use to analyze multilevel data, and what the pros and consof each are, than does the short G&H treatment. The model that economiststerm a “fixed-effect model” is here termed an “ANCOVA”model. Chapter 3 discusses varying slopes in more depth and detail, comparingbetween an older regression-based “slopes-as-outcomes” approach andthe modern multilevel approach. This book uses the software MLWin in itsexamples, but doesn’t linger on software specifics.
4. A recent policy paper using multilevel modeling, which focuses on the variance decomposition aspect ofmultilevel modeling. This paper uses HTML as the analytical software, but again, does not linger on software specifics.
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