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英文文献：U.S. Food Aid and Agricultural Cargo Preference Policy-美国的粮食援助和农业货物优惠政策
英文文献作者：Bageant, Elizabeth R.,Barrett, Christopher B.,Lentz, Erin C.
英文文献摘要：
This paper uses an unprecedentedly rich data set to estimate the cost of agricultural cargo preference (ACP) restrictions on United States food aid programs and to document some of the competitiveness and national security impacts. ACP cost US taxpayers $140 million in 2006, 46 percent above competitive freight costs. The unreimbursed cost of ACP to food aid agencies roughly equals USAID’s non‐emergency food aid to Africa. Furthermore, 70 percent of ACP vessels did not satisfy criteria to be deemed militarily useful and vessels ultimately owned by foreign corporations carried a large share of ACP food aid shipments.
本文使用空前丰富的数据集来估计美国粮食援助计划中农产品货物优先(ACP)限制的成本，并记录一些竞争力和国家安全影响。ACP在2006年花费了美国纳税人1.4亿美元，比具有竞争力的货运成本高出46%。ACP对粮食援助机构的未偿还成本大致相当于美国国际开发署对非洲的非紧急粮食援助。此外，70%的ACP船只不符合被认为具有军事用途的标准，最终由外国公司拥有的船只运载了大部分ACP的粮食援助货物。
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