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英文文献：How does the Adoption of Modern Variety increase Productivity and Income? : A Case of the Rice Sector in Tanzania-采用现代品种如何提高生产力和收入?:坦桑尼亚水稻部门的一个案例
英文文献作者：Nakano, Yuko,Kajisa, Kei
英文文献摘要：
Although high yielding modern rice varieties (MVs) have been gradually disseminating over Sub-Saharan Africa, little is known on how the adoption of MVs influences agriculture productivity and household income. To fill this research gap, we analyze two kinds of data sets in Tanzania: a national representative cross section data and a two-year panel data of irrigated farmers in one district. The most important finding is strong complementary relationship between MVs and water control; high yield is achieved when MVs are grown with improved bund in paddy fields in irrigated area. We also find that the use of chemical fertilizer and the practice of transplanting in rows increase yield and income of both the adopters and non-adopters of MVs in the irrigated area. In rain-fed area, we observe limited impact of MVs. These findings suggest that introducing MVs as a package of technologies including other agronomic practices is effective in order to fully achieve their potential. In the long run, development of irrigation would be important to realize a rice Green Revolution in Sub-Saharan Africa.
虽然高产现代水稻品种(MVs)已逐渐在撒哈拉以南非洲推广，但关于采用MVs对农业生产率和家庭收入的影响，人们知之甚少。为了填补这一研究空白，我们分析了坦桑尼亚的两种数据集:一种是全国代表性的横截面数据，另一种是一个地区灌溉农民的两年面板数据。最重要的发现是MVs与水控制之间存在很强的互补关系;在灌区水田中，改良滩涂种植MVs可获得较高的产量。我们还发现，化肥的使用和成行移栽的做法增加了灌区MVs的收养者和非收养者的产量和收入。在雨养地区，我们观察到MVs的影响有限。这些发现表明，将MVs作为包括其他农艺措施在内的一整套技术引入，对于充分发挥其潜力是有效的。从长远来看，发展灌溉对于撒哈拉以南非洲实现水稻绿色革命至关重要。
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