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[其它] 悬赏150 论坛币,解决中微观不确定性和信息不对称问题 [推广有奖]

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楼主
tfxj 发表于 2010-4-29 09:34:29 |AI写论文
150论坛币
悬赏150 论坛币,解决中微观不确定性和信息不对称问题,有意者站内联系,悬赏截至当日下午4时。

不确定性

First answer the following two questions about your preferences:

(a) You are given $5,000 and offered a choice between receiving an extra $2,500 with certainty or flipping a coin and getting $5,000 if it lands heads or $0 if it lands tails. Which option do you prefer?

(b) You are given $10,000 if you make the following choice: return $2,500 or flipping a coin and return $5,000 if it lands heads and $0 if it lands tails. Which option do you prefer?

Most people choose the sure $2,500 in the first case but flipping the coin in the second. Explain why this behavior is not consistent. What do you conclude about how people make decisions concerning uncertain events?


信息不对称

2 .
Consider the situation where there are two types of workers, high skilled and low skilled. The lifetime wage received by high skilled workers is wh. The lifetime wage received by low skilled workers is wl. The cost of education for a high skilled worker is c, while education is not available for a low skilled worker. A worker who obtains an education sends an effective signal of their skill level. The proportion of high skilled workers in the laborforce is p.

(a) Using an appropriate diagram, describe the regions in which a pooling and separating equilibrium may occur.

(b) Suppose that workers who obtain an education gain an intrinsic benefit from doing so (they love their economics class). How would the situation change? Is a separating equilibrium more or less likely? Illustrate on your diagram.
                                                                              
(c) Now suppose that wh(c) where dwh/dc > 0, d2wh/dc2 < 0 and wh(0) = wl. What does this mean in plain English? Is a separating equilibrium more or less likely? Illustrate on your diagram.

最佳答案

TPG 查看完整内容

1. 在不确定状态下做决策,取决于风险偏好类型。 风险规避型在有相同的期望值的两个选择中,选风险较小的,风险偏好型选择风险较大的。中间型在两个具有相同期望值风险却不同的选择间有无差别的效用。
关键词:信息不对称 不确定性 确定性 不确定 不对称 following receiving between getting offered

沙发
TPG 发表于 2010-4-29 09:34:30
1. 在不确定状态下做决策,取决于风险偏好类型。 风险规避型在有相同的期望值的两个选择中,选风险较小的,风险偏好型选择风险较大的。中间型在两个具有相同期望值风险却不同的选择间有无差别的效用。

藤椅
xuxinyus 发表于 2010-4-29 14:11:52
我说说自己的看法吧(可能是错的)

当赌博效用和初始财富不相关时
在第一种情况,u(5000)+1/2 u(5000)《 u(5000)+u(2500)
在第二种情况,u(10000)-u(2500)《 u(10000)-1/2 u(5000)
上下相加得 u(5000)《 2 u(2500)
所以大家都为风险规避者

当赌博效用和初始财富相关时
在第一种情况,1/2 u(5000)+1/2 u(10000)《 u(7500),为风险规避者
在第二种情况,1/2 u(10000)+ 1/2 (5000)》 u(7500),为风险偏好者
所以初始财富多的人相对于少的人是风险偏好者

板凳
xuxinyus 发表于 2010-4-29 14:24:42
答案我都是懵的,不确定

(a)均衡是只有低技能的工人工作,工资为wl

(b)均衡应该是pwh+(1-p)wl+c=wh,得wh-wl=c/(1-p)

(c)培训越多,工资越高,但培训的边际报酬递减
均衡是dwh/dc=1

报纸
addiction 发表于 2010-4-29 17:52:16
第一题(a)w1=(5000+2500)=(7500), w2=(1/2,5000,10000)由行为人的选择可知其是个风险规避者,因为E(w1)》1/2u(5000)+1/2u(10000)
由于我们知道行为人是风险规避者,那么在(b)中面临着怎么失去2500元的问题,是直接接受还是由抛硬币决定?因为E(2500)》1/2u(5000)+1/2u(0)(2),所以行为人应选择E(2500),但是题目是让行为人失去2500而不是像(a)中那样得到额外的收入,所以(2)式正好反过来了。
所以对于一个风险规避者来说在得到额外的收入时倾向于期望的收入,当要失去财富的时候倾向于期望的用。

第二题没看懂什么意思

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