【出版时间及名称】:2010年6月《中国煤炭行业的行业结构》(英文)
【作者】:涂建军
【文件格式】:PDF
【页数】:191
【目录或简介】:
Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................... I
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................................................................................... XIV
DISCLAIMER........................................................................................................................... XV
ILLUSTRATIVE CHINESE MAP WITH MAJOR COAL PLANNING REGIONS ............................. XVI
ABOUT THE AUTHOR ............................................................................................................ XVII
TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................................................... XVIII
LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................................... XXI
LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................................XXIV
1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 1
1.1. Theory of market organization and the coal value chain .............................. 2
1.1.1. Coal production ................................................................................................ 3
1.1.2. Transport .......................................................................................................... 5
1.1.3. Key end use – power generation ..................................................................... 6
1.2. Key issues to understand the market organization......................................... 7
1.3. Current state of government policy and regulation ....................................... 9
1.3.1. 11th Five Year Plan .......................................................................................... 9
1.3.2. Coal industry policy and other ...................................................................... 11
1.3.3. Prospects of governance restructuring and policy development................. 13
1.4. Report Structure ............................................................................................. 16
2. COAL SUPPLY.................................................................................................. 17
2.1. Coal resources and reserves .......................................................................... 17
2.1.1. Current estimates ........................................................................................... 18
2.1.2. Official reserve numbers and the potential for future revisions ................. 19
2.2. Present and historical production .................................................................. 23
2.2.1. Thirteen Production Bases ............................................................................ 24
2.3. Structure and organization of coal production ............................................. 26
2.3.1. Type of enterprises......................................................................................... 26
2.3.2. Comparison amongst different types of enterprises .................................... 29
2.3.3. Relative production efficiency of different producers ................................. 33
2.3.4. Cost comparison amongst different producers............................................. 35
2.4. Scenario for new production capacity .......................................................... 37
2.4.1. Overarching assumptions and energy consumption scenarios .................... 37
2.4.2. Expected production capacity expansions.................................................... 38
2.4.3. Type of investment for capacity additions ................................................... 40
3. COAL DEMAND ............................................................................................... 46
3.1. Coal demand overview by sector .................................................................. 46
3.1.1. Power generation and heating ....................................................................... 47
3.1.2. Iron and Steel Industry .................................................................................. 50
3.1.3. Chemicals ....................................................................................................... 53
Industrial Organization of the Chinese Coal Industry
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3.1.4. Building materials .......................................................................................... 64
3.2. Coal-fired power generation ......................................................................... 68
3.2.1. Historical development since 1978 ............................................................... 68
3.2.2. Structure of power generators: Big Five vs. other players .......................... 71
3.3. Scenarios for future coal-fired power generation ........................................ 75
3.3.1. Drivers underlying power generation composition in the Chinese
electricity industry ......................................................................................... 75
3.3.2. Expected capacity expansions to 2030 ......................................................... 78
4. COAL TRANSPORT........................................................................................... 80
4.1. Transportation overview by mode ................................................................ 80
4.1.1. Rail .................................................................................................................. 80
4.1.2. Sea transport ................................................................................................... 85
4.1.3. River (barge) .................................................................................................. 87
4.1.4. Road (truck).................................................................................................... 91
4.1.5. Pipeline ........................................................................................................... 95
4.2. Major transport routes and corridors ............................................................ 96
4.2.1. West to east corridor ...................................................................................... 97
4.2.2. North to south corridors................................................................................. 98
4.2.3. Captive transportation.................................................................................... 99
4.2.4. Bottlenecks ...................................................................................................100
4.2.5. Role of stocks and storage ...........................................................................101
4.3. Scenarios for future transportation .............................................................103
4.3.1. Drivers underlying the composition of coal transport ...............................103
4.3.2. Planned coal transport capacity additions in China ...................................106
4.3.3. Projection of coal tonnages by transport mode in China...........................107
5. SUMMARY AND SCENARIOS..........................................................................110
5.1. Two markets with different behaviours ......................................................110
5.1.1. National market vs. local market ................................................................110
5.1.2. Official market vs. grey markets and statistical distortion ........................117
5.2. Relative importance of players in the coal value chain .............................126
5.2.1. Overview of key stakeholders in China‘s coal industry ............................126
5.2.2. Relative importance and power of players in the coal value chain ..........129
5.3. Role of government in various parts of the coal value chain ....................130
5.3.1. How do policy and regulation affect coal producers? ...............................130
5.3.2. Government‘s impacts on the transportation segment ..............................135
5.3.3. Government‘s impacts on coal end uses in China .....................................138
6. CLIMATE CHANGE & THE FUTURE OF COAL IN CHINA ...............................140
6.1. Background ..................................................................................................140
6.2. Discussion notes from the Multi-Stakeholder Dialogue VI ......................142
6.3. Assessment of Beijing‘s carbon intensity abatement approach ................144
6.4. Summary ......................................................................................................146
REFERENCES ..........................................................................................................................148
APPENDIX A: 11TH
FIVE YEAR PLAN OF THE CHINESE COAL INDUSTRY .............................154
APPENDIX B: CHINA‘S COAL RESOURCES AND RESERVES BY PROVINCE ...........................157
Industrial Organization of the Chinese Coal Industry
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APPENDIX C: CONSOLIDATED POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS ON SUSTAINABLE USE OF COAL
IN CHINA ...............................................................................................................................158