“Economic man” in cross-cultural perspective: Behavioral experiments in 15 small-scale societies. Behavioral and Brain Sciences |
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| 文献名称 | “Economic man” in cross-cultural perspective: Behavioral experiments in 15 small-scale societies. Behavioral and Brain Sciences | ||||||
| 文献作者 | Henrich, Joseph and Boyd, Robert and Bowles, Samuel and Camerer, Colin and Fehr, Ernst and Gintis, Herbert and McElreath, Richard and Alvard, Michael and Barr, Abigail and Ensminger, Jean and Smith Henrich, Natalie and Hill, Kim and Gil-White, Francisco a | ||||||
| 作者所在单位 | |||||||
| 文献分类 | 已发表文献 | ||||||
| 学科一级分类 | 经济 | ||||||
| 学科二级分类 | 行为经济学 | ||||||
| 文献摘要 | Researchers from across the social sciences have found consistent deviations from the predictions of the canonical model of self-interest in hundreds of experiments from around the world. This research, however, cannot determine whether the uniformity results from universal patterns of human behavior or from the limited cultural variation available among the university students used in virtually all prior experimental work. To address this, we undertook a cross-cultural study of behavior in ultimatum, public goods, and dictator games in a range of small-scale societies exhibiting a wide variety of economic and cultural conditions. We found, first, that the canonical model – based on self-interest – fails in all of the societies studied. Second, our data reveal substantially more behavioral variability across social groups than has been found in previous research. Third, group-level differences in economic organization and the structure of social interactions explain a substantial portion of the behavioral variation across societies: the higher the degree of market integration and the higher the payoffs to cooperation in everyday life, the greater the level of prosociality expressed in experimental games. Fourth, the available individual-level economic and demographic variables do not consistently explain game behavior, either within or across groups. Fifth, in many cases experimental play appears to reflect the common interactional patterns of everyday life. | ||||||
| 参考文献 | |||||||
| 关键字 | Self-interest, altruism, cooperation, Ultimatum Game, Public Goods Game, cross-cultural research, experimental economics, game theory | ||||||
| 发表所在刊物（或来源） | Behavioral and Brain Sciences Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005), 28: 795-815 | ||||||
| 发表时间 | 2005-01-01 | ||||||
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| 上传时间 | 2011-1-20 10:38 | ||||||
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