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×Ô¶¯»¯×¨ÒµÂÛÎÄ·¶ÎÄ Ä¿ ¼ ÕªÒª¢ñ Abstract¢ò µÚ1Õ ÒýÑÔ1 1.1 Æû³µÐü¼ÜÑо¿Ä¿µÄ¼°¹¤³ÌÓ¦ÓüÛÖµ1 1.2 Ö÷ÒªÑо¿ÄÚÈÝ2 1.3 ·ÂÕæ¸ÅÊö2 µÚ2Õ Æû³µÐü¼ÜÊýѧģÐͽ¨Á¢4 2.1 ¿ØÖÆϵͳ½¨Ä£¸ÅÊö4 2.2 Æû³µÐü¼ÜÄ£Ðͽ¨Á¢4 µÚ3Õ Æû³µÐü¼Ü¿ØÖÆÆ÷Éè¼Æ8 3.1 PID¿ØÖÆÆ÷¸ÅÊö8 3.1.1 Á¬ÐøϵͳÀëÉ¢»¯·½·¨8 3.1.2 PIDËã·¨µÄ»ù±¾Ô­Àí8 3.2 Æû³µÐü¼ÜPID¿ØÖÆÆ÷Éè¼Æ11 3.2.1 Éè¼Æ·½°¸Ò»11 3.2.1 Éè¼Æ·½°¸¶þ13 µÚ4Õ ƵÂÊ·ÖÎö¼°×´Ì¬·´À¡¿ØÖÆÆ÷15 4.1 ϵͳƵÂÊ·ÖÎöµÄÄÚÈÝ15 4.2 ϵͳ´®Áª³¬Ç°Ð£ÕýµÄÔ­Àí17 4.2.1 ³¬Ç°Ð£Õý×°ÖõÄÌØÐÔ17 4.2.2 ´®Áª³¬Ç°Ð£Õýº¯Êý19 4.3 Æû³µÐü¼ÜϵͳƵÂÊ·ÖÎö¼°Ð£Õý21 4.4 ״̬·´À¡¿ØÖÆÉè¼ÆÔ­Àí23 4.4.1 ϵͳµÄÄÜ¿ØÐÔºÍÄܹ۲âÐÔ·ÖÎö23 4.4.2 ״̬·´À¡ºÍ״̬¹Û²âÆ÷µÄÉè¼Æ24 4.4.3 ´ø״̬¹Û²âÆ÷µÄ״̬·´À¡ÏµÍ³26 4.5 Æû³µÐü¼Ü״̬·´À¡¿ØÖÆÆ÷Éè¼Æ27 µÚ5Õ Æû³µÐü¼Üϵͳ¶¯»­Éè¼Æ29 5.1 GUI¶¯»­Éè¼Æ¸ÅÂÛ29 5.2 Æû³µÐü¼Ü·ÂÕæϵͳ¶¯»­Éè¼Æ32 5.2.1 Æû³µÐü¼Ü·ÂÕæϵͳ½çÃæÉè¼Æ32 5.2.2 Æû³µÐü¼Ü¶¯»­Éè¼Æ32 ½áÂÛ35 ÖÂл36 ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×37 ¸½Â¼ Æû³µÐü¼Ü¶¯»­·ÂÕæÔ´³ÌÐò38 Õª Òª Æû³µÐü¼ÜÊdzµÂÖÓë³µÉíÖ®¼äµÄÁ¬½Ó²¿·Ö£¬Ðü¼ÜϵͳÉè¼ÆµÄºÃ»µÖ±½ÓÓ°ÏìÆû³µÐÐÊ»µÄƽ˳ÐÔ¡£±¾ÂÛÎļ´ÔÚMATLAB϶ÔÆû³µÐü¼Ü½øÐзÂÕæÑо¿¡£ Ê×ÏÈ£¬½¨Á¢Æû³µÐü¼ÜµÄ¼òÒ×Ä£ÐÍ£¬Æä´Î£¬¸ù¾ÝÄ£ÐÍÌصãÉè¼Æ³öÔÚÏߵظıä²ÎÊýµÄPID¿ØÖÆÆ÷£¬´Ó¶øÂú×ãÁËÐÐÊ»µÄƽ˳ÐÔ¡£ÔٴΣ¬¶ÔÆû³µÐü¼Üϵͳ½øÐÐƵÂÊ·ÖÎöÖªÐü¼ÜϵͳµÄÎȶ¨Ô£¶ÈºÜ²î£¬Îª´Ë¼ÓÈëÁË´®Áª³¬Ç°Ð£Õý¡£×îºó£¬ÔÚGUIÏÂÉè¼ÆÁËÆû³µÐü¼Ü¶¯»­·ÂÕæϵͳ£¬¿ÉÒÔÖ±¹ÛÇåÎúµØ¿´µ½¼ÓÈë¿ØÖÆÆ÷ʱµ÷½Úʱ¼äºÍ³¬µ÷Á¿¶¼Òª±È×ÔȻ״̬ÏÂСµÄ¶à¡£ ¹Ø¼ü´Ê ƽ˳ÐÔ PID¿ØÖÆÆ÷ Îȶ¨Ô£¶È ¶¯»­ Abstract It is some of connection between wheel and automobile body that the vehicle suspension, whose quality directly influences that automobile goes comfortably. This thesis carries on simulation study to the vehicle suspension under MATLAB. First of all, the simple vehicle suspension model is established, secondly, an adjustable PID controller is designed according to the characteristic of the model, thus comfortable-going is satisfied. Moreover, frequency analysis is carried to vehicle suspension system, from which we know the stability margin of suspension system is very poor, and phase-lead compensation is joined and contacted for this reason. Finally, animation simulation system of the vehicle suspension is designed under GUI, thus we easily find that the settling time and overshoot of response under control are both much less than that of nature response. Key words comfortable-going, PID controller, stability margin, animation
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