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ͨÐŹ¤³ÌרҵÂÛÎÄ Ä¿ ¼ Õª Òª I Abstract II 1 Ð÷ÂÛ 1 1.1 Ñо¿±³¾° 1 1.2 ¹úÄÚÍâÑо¿×´¿öºÍˮƽ 2 1.2.1 º£Ñó»úÆ÷ÈË·¢Õ¹×´¿ö 2 1.2.2 ÎÞË¢Ö±Á÷µç¶¯»úµÄ·¢Õ¹×´¿ö 2 1.3 ÂÛÎÄÖ÷Òª¹¤×÷ 4 2 ÎÞË¢Ö±Á÷µç¶¯»úµ÷ËÙϵͳ¹¤×÷Ô­Àí 5 2.1 ÎÞË¢Ö±Á÷µç¶¯»úµÄ»ù±¾×é³É 5 2.1.1 µç¶¯»ú±¾Ìå 5 2.1.2 µç¶¯»úÄæ±äÆ÷ 5 2.1.3µç¶¯»úλÖô«¸ÐÆ÷ 5 2.2 ÎÞË¢Ö±Á÷µç¶¯»úµÄÊýѧģÐÍ 6 2.2.1 µçѹ·½³Ì 6 2.2.2 ת¾Ø·½³Ì 7 2.2.3 Ô˶¯·½³Ì 8 2.2.4 ״̬·½³ÌºÍµÈЧµç· 8 2.3 ÎÞË¢Ö±Á÷µç¶¯»úµÄÔ˶¯Ô­Àí 8 2.3.1 ÎÞË¢Ö±Á÷µç¶¯»úµÄÔ­ÀíÄ£ÐÍ 8 2.3.2 ÎÞË¢Ö±Á÷µç¶¯»úµÄ¿ØÖÆÔ­Àí 10 2.4 ±¾ÕÂС½á 12 3 ϵͳ¿ØÖÆËã·¨ 13 3.1 PID¿ØÖÆ 13 3.1.1 PID¿ØÖÆÔ­Àí 13 3.1.2 PID¿ØÖÆÆ÷µÄ¾ÖÏÞÐÔ¼°Æä·¢Õ¹·½Ïò 15 3.2 Ä£ºýPID¿ØÖÆ 16 3.2.1 Ä£ºý¿ØÖÆ 16 3.2.2 Ä£ºý¿ØÖÆÆ÷µÄÉè¼Æ²½Öè 17 3.3 ×ÔÊÊӦģºýPID¿ØÖÆ 18 3.3.1 Ä£ºý»¯ 18 3.3.2 Ä£ºýÍÆÀíºÍÄ£ºý¹æÔò 19 3.3.3 Ä£ºýÍÆÀíºÍÄ£ºý¹æÔò 23 3.4 ×ÔÊÊӦģºý¿ØÖÆÆ÷µÄ·ÂÕæʵÏÖ 24 3.5 ±¾ÕÂС½á 25 4 »ùÓÚDSPµÄ¿ØÖÆϵͳÉè¼ÆÔ­Àí 26 4.1 µç¶¯»ú¿ØÖÆרÓÃDSP 26 4.1.1 DSP¼ò½é 26 4.1.2 TMS320LF2407A DSPƬÄÚ×ÊÔ´ 27 4.1.3 ʼþ¹ÜÀí¼Ä´æÆ÷ 28 4.1.4 Áù·PWM²¨ÐεIJúÉú 29 4.1.5 A/Dת»»Ä£¿é 32 4.2 »ùÓÚDSPµÄÎÞË¢Ö±Á÷µç¶¯»ú¿ØÖÆ·½°¸µÄ½â¾ö 32 4.2.1 ת×ÓλÖüì²â 33 4.2.2 µç¶¯»úÏàµçÁ÷µÄ¼ì²â 34 4.2.3 ²Î¿¼ËٶȵÄÊäÈëºÍʵ¼ÊËٶȵIJâÁ¿ 34 4.2.4 ¹¦ÂʹܵĻ»ÏàÓëÇý¶¯ 35 4.3 ±¾ÕÂС½á 37 5 ÎÞË¢Ö±Á÷µç¶¯»ú¿ØÖÆϵͳµÄÓ²¼þµç·Éè¼Æ 38 5.1 ×ÜÌåÓ²¼þ½á¹¹ 38 5.2 DSPÍâΧµç·Éè¼Æ 39 5.2.1 DSPµçÔ´Éè¼Æ 39 5.2.2 ʱÖÓµç·Éè¼Æ 40 5.2.3 ·ÂÕæ½Ó¿ÚÉè¼Æ 41 5.3 λÖÃÐźżì²âµç· 41 5.4 ͨÐŽӿÚÉè¼Æ 42 5.5 IGBTÄ£¿é¼°ÆäÇý¶¯µ¥Ôª 44 5.6 ÏàµçÁ÷¼ì²âµç·Éè¼Æ 47 5.7 PCB°åÉè¼Æ 48 5.8 ±¾ÕÂС½á 49 6 ÎÞË¢Ö±Á÷µç»ú¿ØÖÆϵͳÈí¼þÉè¼Æ 50 6.1 ϵͳ¿ØÖÆÈí¼þÁ÷³Ìͼ 50 6.2 Ö÷Òª»·½ÚµÄʵÏÖ 53 6.3 Ä£ºýPIDµÄÈí¼þʵÏÖ 55 6.4 ÎÞË¢Ö±Á÷µç»ú¿ØÖÆϵͳµÄʵÑé½á¹û 59 6.4.1 λÖ÷´À¡ÐźŲ¨Ðμì²â 60 6.4.2 µç»úÔËÐмì²â 61 6.5 ±¾ÕÂС½á 63 7½áÂÛ 64 ²Î ¿¼ ÎÄ Ï× 65 Ö л 69 Õª Òª ÂÛÎÄÑ¡ÌâÀ´Ô´ÓÚÁÉÄþÊ¡¿Æ¼¼»ù½ðÏîÄ¿£ºÉº£Ñó»úÆ÷ÈËÍƽøµç¶¯»úÑо¿¡£º£Ñó»úÆ÷È˲ÉÓÃÓÀ´ÅÎÞË¢Ö±Á÷µç¶¯»ú(BLDCM)×÷ΪÍƽøµç¶¯»ú£¬ÒªÇóÇý¶¯ÏµÍ³Äܹ»ÊµÏÖÕýתÓ뷴תÁ½ÖÖ¹¤×÷·½Ê½£¬²¢¾ßÓи߾«¶ÈµÄתËÙ¿ØÖÆ¡£ÂÛÎĶԻùÓÚDSP(TMS320LF2407A)¼¼ÊõµÄº£Ñó»úÆ÷ÈËÎÞË¢Ö±Á÷µç¶¯»ú¿ØÖÆϵͳ½øÐÐÁËÑо¿¡£ ±¾ÎÄÊ×ÏÈÂÛÊöÁËÎÞË¢Ö±Á÷µç¶¯»úµÄ»ù±¾×é³É¡¢ÊýѧģÐͺ͵÷ËÙÔ­Àí¡£½Ó×ŶԵ綯»ú¿ØÖÆϵͳÖеĿØÖÆËã·¨½øÐÐÁËÑо¿¡£ÎªÁËÂú×ãµç¶¯»ú¿ØÖÆϵͳµÄÒªÇ󣬱¾ÎIJÉÓÃËÙ¶ÈÓëµçÁ÷Ë«±Õ»·µç¶¯»ú¿ØÖÆϵͳ¡£¸ù¾Ýº£Ñó»úÆ÷ÈËÌØÊâµÄ¹¤×÷»·¾³£¬Óëµç¶¯»ú±¾ÉíµÄÌص㣬ѡÓÃÄ£ºýPID¿ØÖÆËã·¨¶Ôµç¶¯»úµÄËٶȻ·½øÐе÷½Ú£¬µçÁ÷»·²ÉÓÃPI¿ØÖÆ¡£Ä£ºýPID¿ØÖÆÆ÷¾ßÓпɸù¾Ý±»¿ØÖƶÔÏóµÄµ±Ç°×´Ì¬×Ô¶¯µ÷Õû¿ØÖÆÆ÷×ÔÉí²ÎÊý¡¢¡¢µÄÄÜÁ¦£¬¿ÉÂú×ãÎÞË¢Ö±Á÷µç¶¯»ú¹¤¿ö±ä»¯µÄÒªÇ󡣶ÔÎÞË¢Ö±Á÷µç¶¯»úÄ£ºý¿ØÖÆϵͳ½øÐÐÁËÉè¼Æ¼°¼ÆËã»ú·ÂÕ棬·ÖÎöÁËÄ£ºýPID¿ØÖÆÆ÷µÄÉè¼Æ²½Ö裬·ÂÕæ½á¹û±íÃ÷£¬Ä£ºýPID¿ØÖÆϵͳÏà¶ÔÓÚ¾­µäPID¿ØÖÆϵͳ¾ßÓÐËٶȸü¿ì¡¢³¬µ÷¸üС¡¢Îȶ¨ÐÔ¸üºÃµÄÌص㡣 È»ºó¸ù¾Ýº£Ñó»úÆ÷È˶ÔÇý¶¯ÏµÍ³Ìå»ýºÍ¿É¿¿ÐÔµÄÒªÇó£¬Ñ¡ÓÃTMS320LF2407A×÷ΪÇý¶¯µç¶¯»úµÄ¿ØÖÆоƬ¡£DSP£¨TMS320LF2407A£©¾ßÓм¯³É¶È¸ß£¬ÔËËãËٶȿìµÄÓŵ㡣Ëü¹¹³ÉµÄ¿ØÖÆϵͳ£¬ËùÐèÍâΧµç·¸üÉÙ£¬³ÌÐòÔËËãËٶȸü¿ì£¬ËùÒÔ¿ÉÒÔÌá¸ßϵͳµÄ¿É¿¿ÐÔÓëʵʱ¿ØÖÆÄÜÁ¦¡£¸ù¾ÝÎÞË¢Ö±Á÷µç¶¯»úµÄÌصãºÍDSPоƬµÄ¹¦ÄÜ£¬Ìá³öÁË»ùÓÚDSPµÄ¿ØÖÆ·½°¸¡£ ×îºóÕë¶ÔËùÉè¼ÆµÄ¿ØÖÆËã·¨Óë¿ØÖÆ·½°¸¶Ô¿ØÖÆϵͳµÄÈíÓ²¼þ½øÐÐÁËÏêϸÂÛÊö¡£Ó²¼þ²¿·ÖÏÈ×÷ÁËÕûÌåÉè¼Æ£¬ÓÖ×ÅÖØÂÛÊöÁ˼¸¸öÖ÷Ҫģ¿éµÄµç·Éè¼Æ¡£Èí¼þ²¿·Ö½éÉÜÁ˸÷¸öÄ£¿éµÄÁ÷³Ìͼ£¬ÒÔ¼°Èí¼þʵÏÖ·½ÃæµÄÎÊÌ⣬×ÅÖؽéÉÜÁËÄ£ºý¿ØÖÆËã·¨µÄÈí¼þʵÏÖ¡£×îºó¸ø³öÁË¿ØÖÆϵͳʵ¼ÊÔËÐÐʱµÄʵÑé²âÊÔÇé¿ö£¬²¢¶ÔʵÑé½á¹û½øÐÐÁË·ÖÎö¡£ ¹Ø¼ü´Ê£ºÎÞË¢Ö±Á÷µç¶¯»ú£¬DSP£¬Ä£ºýPID£¬¼ÆËã»ú·ÂÕæ Abstract The topic of this thesis comes from a science and technology item of Liaoning Province: The Research of Brushless Thruster for Deep-sea Robot. Permanent Magnetic Brushless DC Motor is selected as drive motor of the Deep-sea Robot. The drive system is required to work in forward and backward mode and realize high precision speed regulating.in this thesis, the Brushless DC Motor controller of Sea-Robot based on DSP technology is researched. Firstly, the composing parts, math model and the principle of regulating speed of BLDCM are discussed. Secondly, the control algorithm of motor is reseached. Dual closed loop control system is used for satisfying the system demand. According to the special working condition of Sea Robot and the characteristic of BLDCM, fuzzy-PID algorithm is used to speed loop and PI algorithm is used to current loop. The fuzzy-PID controller, which can regulate control parameter according to the current state of controlled object, can satisfy the dynamic change of motor. Then the fuzzy control system is designed and simulated. The result of simulation shows that the adoption of fuzzy-PID controller can make the system have better performances, such as quicker response, smaller overshoot and better stability , relative to the classic PID controller. Secondly, according to the reliability and volume demand of the sea-robot's drive system, the TMS320LF2407A is chosen as the control chip of the drive motor. It has the high integration and quick operating speed. The control system,which has few periphery electric circuit and quicker operating speed ,can enhance the reliability and the real-time control ability of the whole system .According to the characteristic of BLDCM and the function of the chip, sensor control solutions which are based on DSP technology are presented. At last, the hardware and software design of the system according to the preceding solution are discussed in detail. For the hardware part, after a instruction of the whole design, the design of several chief circuits is presented. For the software part, some procedure flow charts of main program are offered and some problems of software realization are researched. Especially, the realization of fuzzy-PID algorithm is introduced. At last, the testing waveform when the control system running is observed and the results are analyzed. Key Words£ºBLDCM£¬DSP£¬Fuzzy-PID£¬Computer Simulation
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