英文标题：
《The systematic structure and predictability of urban business diversity》
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作者：
Hyejin Youn, Lu\\\'is M. A. Bettencourt, Jos\\\'e Lobo, Deborah Strumsky,
Horacio Samaniego, and Geoffrey B. West
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最新提交年份：
2014
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英文摘要：
Understanding cities is central to addressing major global challenges from climate and health to economic resilience. Although increasingly perceived as fundamental socio-economic units, the detailed fabric of urban economic activities is only now accessible to comprehensive analyses with the availability of large datasets. Here, we study abundances of business categories across U.S. metropolitan statistical areas to investigate how diversity of economic activities depends on city size. A universal structure common to all cities is revealed, manifesting self-similarity in internal economic structure as well as aggregated metrics (GDP, patents, crime). A derivation is presented that explains universality and the observed empirical distribution. The model incorporates a generalized preferential attachment process with ceaseless introduction of new business types. Combined with scaling analyses for individual categories, the theory quantitatively predicts how individual business types systematically change rank with city size, thereby providing a quantitative means for estimating their expected abundances as a function of city size. These results shed light on processes of economic differentiation with scale, suggesting a general structure for the growth of national economies as integrated urban systems.
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中文摘要：
了解城市对于应对从气候和健康到经济恢复力等重大全球挑战至关重要。虽然越来越多地被视为基本的社会经济单位，但城市经济活动的详细结构现在只有在大数据集可用的情况下才能进行全面分析。在这里，我们研究了美国大都会统计区内商业类别的丰富性，以调查经济活动的多样性如何取决于城市规模。揭示了所有城市共有的普遍结构，表现出内部经济结构以及聚合指标（GDP、专利、犯罪）的自相似性。给出了一个解释普遍性和观测到的经验分布的推导。该模型结合了一个广义的优先依恋过程，并不断引入新的业务类型。结合对单个类别的比例分析，该理论定量预测了单个商业类型如何随着城市规模而系统地改变排名，从而提供了一种定量方法，以估算其作为城市规模函数的预期丰度。这些结果揭示了经济规模分化的过程，表明了作为综合城市系统的国民经济增长的总体结构。
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分类信息：

一级分类：Physics 物理学
二级分类：Physics and Society 物理学与社会
分类描述：Structure, dynamics and collective behavior of societies and groups (human or otherwise). Quantitative analysis of social networks and other complex networks. Physics and engineering of infrastructure and systems of broad societal impact (e.g., energy grids, transportation networks).
社会和团体（人类或其他）的结构、动态和集体行为。社会网络和其他复杂网络的定量分析。具有广泛社会影响的基础设施和系统（如能源网、运输网络）的物理和工程。
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一级分类：Physics 物理学
二级分类：Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability 数据分析、统计与概率
分类描述：Methods, software and hardware for physics data analysis: data processing and storage; measurement methodology; statistical and mathematical aspects such as parametrization and uncertainties.
物理数据分析的方法、软硬件：数据处理与存储；测量方法；统计和数学方面，如参数化和不确定性。
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一级分类：Quantitative Finance 数量金融学
二级分类：General Finance 一般财务
分类描述：Development of general quantitative methodologies with applications in finance
通用定量方法的发展及其在金融中的应用
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