生物体寿命能量消耗的普遍关系； 关于老龄化起源的见解

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摘要翻译：
代谢能量消耗长期以来一直被认为在衰老过程中起着主要作用（{\IT1}）。就物种而言，平均一克组织在生命周期内消耗的能量是相同的（{\It2}）。能量限制也被证明增加了最大寿命（{\IT3}）和延缓了与年龄相关的变化（{\IT4}）。然而，在生命周期内，普遍的能量消耗也有重要的例外，主要来自于类间的比较（{\IT5,6}）。在这里，我们提出了一个独特的寿命能量消耗关系，适用于300美元的物种，代表了从单细胞到最大的哺乳动物的所有生物纲。这种关系的平均离散度仅为0.3dex,尽管体质量相差20个数量级，95%($rm2-∑)的生物与这种关系的偏离小于$pi$的因子，从而将这种关系中任何可能的类间变异减少为仅一个几何因子。这一结果可以解释为所有生物的生命周期中存在一个近似恒定的总呼吸循环数$\rm N_r\sim 10^8$的支持证据，有效地通过呼吸的基本能量学预先确定了生命的延长，并为未来研究这种恒定的$\rm N_r\sim与自由基和氧化剂产生速率的关系提供了激励，这可能对衰老的起源提供明确的限制。
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英文标题：
《Universal Relation for Life-span Energy Consumption in Living Organisms:
  Insights for the origin of ageing》
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作者：
Andres Escala
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最新提交年份：
2020
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分类信息：

一级分类：Quantitative Biology        数量生物学
二级分类：Other Quantitative Biology        其他定量生物学
分类描述：Work in quantitative biology that does not fit into the other q-bio classifications
不适合其他q-bio分类的定量生物学工作
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一级分类：Physics        物理学
二级分类：Biological Physics        生物物理学
分类描述：Molecular biophysics, cellular biophysics, neurological biophysics, membrane biophysics, single-molecule biophysics, ecological biophysics, quantum phenomena in biological systems (quantum biophysics), theoretical biophysics, molecular dynamics/modeling and simulation, game theory, biomechanics, bioinformatics, microorganisms, virology, evolution, biophysical methods.
分子生物物理、细胞生物物理、神经生物物理、膜生物物理、单分子生物物理、生态生物物理、生物系统中的量子现象（量子生物物理）、理论生物物理、分子动力学/建模与模拟、博弈论、生物力学、生物信息学、微生物、病毒学、进化论、生物物理方法。
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英文摘要：
  Metabolic energy consumption has long been thought to play a major role in the aging process ({\it 1}). Across species, a gram of tissue on average expends about the same amount of energy during life-span ({\it 2}). Energy restriction has also been shown that increases maximum life-span ({\it 3}) and retards age-associated changes ({\it 4}). However, there are significant exceptions to a universal energy consumption during life-span, mainly coming from the inter-class comparison ({\it 5, 6}). Here we present a unique relation for life-span energy consumption, valid for $\sim$300 species representing all classes of living organisms, from unicellular ones to the largest mammals. The relation has an average scatter of only 0.3 dex, with 95\% ($\rm 2-\sigma$) of the organisms having departures less than a factor of $\pi$ from the relation, despite the $\sim$20 orders of magnitude difference in body mass, reducing any possible inter-class variation in the relation to only a geometrical factor. This result can be interpreted as supporting evidence for the existence of an approximately constant total number $\rm N_r \sim 10^8$ of respiration cycles per lifetime for all organisms, effectively predetermining the extension of life by the basic energetics of respiration, being an incentive for future studies that investigate the relation of such constant $\rm N_r$ cycles per lifetime with the production rates of free radicals and oxidants, which may give definite constraints on the origin of ageing.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2006.08647

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关键词：老龄化 生物体 Quantitative consumption QUANTITATIV 速率 during 预先确定 Energy