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摘要翻译：
本文给出了一元液滴中均匀成核的动力学理论，考虑到晶核不仅可以在体积模式下形成（其所有小面都在液滴内），而且可以在表面激发模式下形成（其中一个小面在液滴表面）。先前发展的表面激发晶体成核热力学严格地表明，如果晶体的至少一个小面仅部分可被其熔体润湿，那么在热力学上，该小面在液滴表面形成核比在液滴内形成核更有利。然而，到目前为止，这一现象的动力学方面还没有得到研究。本文提出的理论主张，即使在表面受激模式下，晶核最初以亚临界团簇的形式均匀地出现在亚表层，而不是在表面“伪非均匀”。均匀出现的亚临界晶体由于密度和结构涨落而成为表面受激核。这种效应有助于晶体成核的总速率（正如基于体积的模式所做的那样）。导出了单晶总成核率的显式表达式。对水滴的数值计算表明，在半径为10微米的水滴中，表面激发模式可以显著提高单个颗粒的成核率。讨论了对所提理论的可能的实验验证。
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英文标题：
《Effect of the surface-stimulated mode on the kinetics of homogeneous
crystal nucleation in droplets》
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作者：
Yuri S. Djikaev
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最新提交年份：
2008
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分类信息：
一级分类：Physics 物理学
二级分类：Materials Science 材料科学
分类描述：Techniques, synthesis, characterization, structure. Structural phase transitions, mechanical properties, phonons. Defects, adsorbates, interfaces
技术，合成，表征，结构。结构相变，力学性质，声子。缺陷，吸附质，界面
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一级分类：Physics 物理学
二级分类：Statistical Mechanics 统计力学
分类描述：Phase transitions, thermodynamics, field theory, non-equilibrium phenomena, renormalization group and scaling, integrable models, turbulence
相变，热力学，场论，非平衡现象，重整化群和标度，可积模型，湍流
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英文摘要：
A kinetic theory of homogeneous crystal nucleation in unary droplets is presented taking into account that a crystal nucleus can form not only in the volume-based mode (with all its facets within the droplet) but also in the surface-stimulated one (with one of its facets at the droplet surface). The previously developed thermodynamics of surface-stimulated crystal nucleation rigorously showed that if at least one of the facets of the crystal is only partially wettable by its melt, then it is thermodynamically more favorable for the nucleus to form with that facet at the droplet surface rather than within the droplet. So far, however, the kinetic aspects of this phenomenon had not been studied at all. The theory proposed in the present paper advocates that even in the surface-stimulated mode crystal nuclei initially emerge (as sub-critical clusters) homogeneously in the sub-surface layer, not "pseudo-heterogeneously" at the surface. A homogeneously emerged sub-critical crystal can become a surface-stimulated nucleus due to density and structure fluctuations. This effect contributes to the total rate of crystal nucleation (as the volume-based mode does). An explicit expression for the total per-particle rate of crystal nucleation is derived. Numerical evaluations for water droplets suggest that the surface-stimulated mode can significantly enhance the per-particle rate of crystal nucleation in droplets as large as 10 microns in radius. Possible experimental verification of the proposed theory is discussed.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/801.1427
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