victorbian 发表于 2025-10-23 09:55 
In the book, Skinner presented a different view from traditional S-R (stimulus-response) psychology, distinguishing between the Pavlovian type of conditioned reflex and Edward L. Thorndike’s instrumental conditioning. In his view, conditioning of Type S (respondent conditioning) differs from conditioning of Type R (operant conditioning) primarily in that the former is elicited by an observable stimulus, while the latter is “emitted” by the organism in the absence of an observable stimulus. He also believed that conditioning of Type R is more important in the learning process than that of Type S.
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