发帖
雷达卡
英文文献：Working Paper 91 - Health Expenditures and Health Outcomes in Africa-工作文件91 -非洲的卫生支出和卫生结果
英文文献作者：John Anyanwu,Andrew E. O. Erhijakpor
英文文献摘要：
This paper provides econometric evidence linking African countries’ per capita total as well as government health expenditures and per capita income to two health outcomes: infant mortality and under-five mortality. This relationship is examined, using data from 47 African countries between 1999 and 2004. Health expenditures have a statistically significant effect on infant mortality and under-five mortality. The magnitude of our elasticity estimates are in consonance to those reported in the literature. For African countries, our results imply that total health expenditures (as well as the public component) are certainly important contributor to health outcomes. In addition, we find that both infant and under-five mortality are positively and significantly associated with Sub-Saharan Africa. The reverse is true for North Africa. While ethnolinguistic fractionalization and HIV prevalence positively and significantly affect the health outcomes, higher numbers physicians and female literacy significantly reduce these health outcomes. These results have important implications for attaining the targets envisioned by the Millennium Development Goals. The data implications are also discussed.
本文提供了计量经济学证据，将非洲国家的人均总人数以及政府卫生支出和人均收入与婴儿死亡率和五岁以下儿童死亡率这两种健康结果联系起来。利用1999年至2004年47个非洲国家的数据对这种关系进行了研究。保健支出对婴儿死亡率和五岁以下儿童死亡率有显著的统计影响。弹性估计的大小与文献报道的一致。对非洲国家而言，我们的结果表明，卫生总支出(以及公共支出)肯定是卫生结果的重要贡献者。此外，我们发现婴儿和五岁以下儿童的死亡率与撒哈拉以南非洲地区有着显著的正相关关系。北非的情况正好相反。虽然种族语言分化和艾滋病毒流行对健康结果产生了积极和显著的影响，但医生人数的增加和女性识字率的提高显著降低了这些健康结果。这些结果对实现千年发展目标所设想的目标具有重要意义。对数据的含义也进行了讨论。
京公网安备 11010802022788号
