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英文文献：Multidimensional Spatial Poverty Comparisons in Cameroon-喀麦隆多维空间贫困比较
英文文献作者：Aloysius Mom Njong
英文文献摘要：
The study investigates poverty comparisons across the various strata and urban/ rural areas in Cameroon. A composite poverty indicator is constructed using multiple correspondence analysis by taking into account 33 non-monetary indicators that havebeen identified as describing a real poverty situation. The composite poverty indicator is combined with per capita consumption to estimate poverty measures showing that income poverty affects 39.6% of households, whereas 80.6% of households are poor in the non-monetary dimension. The incidence of multidimensional poverty is estimated to be at 81.3%. Decomposition of the Chakravarty indexes fails to establish robust regional poverty orderings and comparisons. By resorting to the stochastic dominance approach we find that bi-dimensional poverty for urban areas is robustly lower than that for rural areas. Between regions, there is clear evidence that bi-dimensional poverty in Yaounde/ Douala is less than other regions and that the Rural Savannah is the poorest region of the country for a wide range of poverty lines and a broad class of poverty measures. The discriminatory measures of variables reveal that water, sanitation, housing materials, level of education and roads are the major indicators of non-monetary poverty in Cameroon. Policy should therefore, in addition to promoting income-generating activities, focus on these variables and target the rural areas as well as the northern regions to better alleviate poverty in Cameroon.
这项研究调查了喀麦隆各阶层和城乡地区的贫困比较。综合贫困指标采用多重对应分析，考虑到33个已被确定为描述真实贫困状况的非货币指标。将综合贫困指标与人均消费相结合来估计贫困指标，结果显示，39.6%的家庭受到收入贫困的影响，而80.6%的家庭在非货币方面处于贫困状态。多维贫困的发生率估计为81.3%。Chakravarty指数的分解不能建立健全的地区贫困排序和比较。利用随机优势分析方法，我们发现城市地区的二维贫困显著低于农村地区。在各区域之间，有明确的证据表明，雅温得/杜阿拉的双重贫困比其他区域要少，而农村大草原是全国最贫穷的地区，贫穷线范围广泛，衡量贫困的标准也很广泛。对变量的歧视性措施表明，水、卫生、住房材料、教育水平和道路是喀麦隆非货币贫困的主要指标。因此，政策除了促进创收活动外，还应注重这些变数，并以农村地区和北部地区为对象，以便更好地减轻喀麦隆的贫穷。
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