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英文文献：Fighting corruption when existing corruption-control levels count: what do wealth-effects tell us in Africa?-在现有的腐败控制水平下打击腐败:在非洲，财富效应告诉我们什么?
英文文献作者：Asongu Simplice
英文文献摘要：
Why are some nations more effective at battling corruption than others? Are there different determinants in the fight against corruption across developing nations? How do wealth effects play-out when existing corruption-control levels matter in the corruption battle? To investigate these concerns we examine the determinants of corruption-control throughout the conditional distribution of the fight against corruption. The following broad findings are established. (1) Population growth is a (an) tool (impediment) in (to) the fight against corruption in Low (Middle) income countries. (2) Democracy increases (decreases) corruption-control in Middle (Low) income countries. As a policy implication, blanket corruption-control strategies are unlikely to succeed equally across countries with different income-levels and political wills in the fight against corruption. Thus to be effective, corruption policies should be contingent on the prevailing levels of corruption-control and income-bracket.
为什么有些国家在打击腐败方面比其他国家更有效?在发展中国家的反腐败斗争中，是否存在不同的决定因素?在反腐败斗争中，现有的腐败控制水平举足轻重，财富效应如何发挥作用?为了调查这些关注，我们考察了腐败控制的决定因素在整个反腐败斗争的条件分布。以下广泛的发现是确定的。人口增长是中低收入国家打击腐败的一个障碍。(2)民主增加(减少)中低收入国家的腐败控制。作为一项政策暗示，对于收入水平和政治意愿不同的国家，全面的腐败控制战略不太可能在反腐败斗争中取得同样的成功。因此，要使腐败政策有效，就应视当前的腐败控制水平和收入水平而定。
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