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英文文献：Households’ ICT Access and Educational Vulnerability of Children in Ghana-加纳家庭获取信息和通信技术以及儿童受教育的脆弱性
英文文献作者：Alhassan A-W Karakara,Evans S. Osabuohien
英文文献摘要：
Education is said to be a basic human right, and central to unlocking human capabilities. However, Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) has the highest number of children out of school and learning disadvantages. Most studies on child vulnerability concentrate on disaster, disability and HIV effects on children. Thus, this study investigates the likelihood of a child being educationally disadvantaged or risk school dropout. Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS) data for 2014 with binary and multinomial logistic regressions are used to determine the likelihood of a child being educationally disadvantaged. The findings reveal disparity in wealth distribution in Ghana. Wealth of family is a determinant of child success in education and urban household children are less likely to be disadvantaged in learning outcomes. Households’ access to ICTs enhances child learning at home and; hence, reduces the risk of a child being educationally disadvantaged. Policy implications and suggestions for further studies are discussed in the paper.
教育被认为是一项基本人权，是释放人类能力的核心。然而，撒哈拉以南非洲(SSA)有最多的儿童失学和学习不利。大多数关于儿童脆弱性的研究集中于灾害、残疾和艾滋病毒对儿童的影响。因此，本研究调查了儿童在教育上处于劣势或面临辍学风险的可能性。采用二元和多项logistic回归的2014年加纳人口和健康调查(GDHS)数据来确定儿童在教育方面处于不利地位的可能性。研究结果揭示了加纳财富分配的不平等。家庭财富是儿童教育成功的决定因素，城市家庭儿童在学习成果方面不太可能处于不利地位。家庭获得信通技术可促进儿童在家学习;因此，降低了儿童在教育上处于不利地位的风险。本文还讨论了进一步研究的政策意义和建议。
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