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英文文献：Technological Innovation and Efficiency in the Nigerian Maize Sector: Parametric Stochastic and Non-parametic Distance Function Approaches-在尼日利亚玉米部门的技术创新和效率:参数随机和非参数距离函数方法
英文文献作者：Aye, Goodness C.,Mungatana, Eric D.
英文文献摘要：
The current food crisis all over the globe has necessitated alternative policy actions by various stakeholders in almost all countries of the world. Consequently, efforts are focused on increased investment in agricultural research and development. The study evaluates impact of technological innovations on estimates of technical, allocative and cost efficiency from a parametric stochastic and non-parametric distance functions. Inefficiency effects are modelled in a second stage endogeniety-corrected Tobit regression model as a function of technological innovation and other policy variables. The results from both approaches show there is substantial technical, allocative and cost inefficiency in maize production and that analysis of technical, allocative and cost efficiency with respect to technological innovation and other policy factors are robust. Our results show that policies aimed at maize technology development and their timely dissemination, improvement in education, access to credit and extension among others could promote technical, allocative and cost efficiency, reduce yield variability, enhance farm income, food security and reduce poverty in Nigeria.
当前全球的粮食危机已经迫使世界上几乎所有国家的利益相关者采取替代政策行动。因此，努力的重点是增加对农业研究和发展的投资。从参数随机和非参数距离函数评价技术创新对技术效率、配置效率和成本效率估计的影响。作为技术创新和其他政策变量的函数，在第二阶段内生性修正的Tobit回归模型中建立了低效率效应模型。这两种方法的结果表明，玉米生产存在实质性的技术效率、配置效率和成本效率，技术创新和其他政策因素的技术效率、配置效率和成本效率分析是稳健的。我们的研究结果表明，针对玉米技术发展及其及时传播、改善教育、获得信贷和推广等方面的政策可以促进技术、配置和成本效率，降低产量变化率，提高农业收入，提高粮食安全，并减少尼日利亚的贫困。
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